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DOI10.1016/j.dsr.2018.12.001
The impact of sea ice on the air-sea exchange of mercury in the Arctic Ocean
DiMento, Brian P.1; Mason, Robert P.1; Brooks, Steven2; Moore, Chris3
发表日期2019
ISSN0967-0637
EISSN1879-0119
卷号144页码:28-38
英文摘要

Atmospheric deposition is the main input of mercury (Hg) to the ocean, even in remote locations such as the Arctic. Furthermore, evasion of elemental Hg (Hg degrees) is the major sink for oceanic Hg. As a result, air-sea exchange is an important part of the oceanic Hg cycle. To examine the air-sea exchange of Hg in the Arctic Ocean we made high resolution measurements of Hg degrees in surface waters and Hg speciation in the atmosphere using continuous sampling systems during the 2015 U.S. Arctic GEOTRACES cruise from August 9 to October 12. Additionally, samples were obtained for measurement of total Hg and methybriercury (CH3Hg) in wet deposition and bulk aerosols as well as surface snow and sea ice. We used these measurements made in the water and the atmosphere to estimate fluxes of Hg degrees from the ocean to the atmosphere. Concentrations of dissolved Hg (Hedi,) were near saturation in ice-free waters (32 +/- 30 fM) and resultant fluxes were low; however, Hg was highly enriched under contiguous ice (101 +/- 98 fM, up to 544 fM) suggesting the continual formation of Hg in waters even when ice covered. Predicted evasion fluxes in these regions (these being potential rates for locations under ice) were as high as 492 pmol m(-2) h(-1). Atmospheric Hg concentrations averaged 1.2 +/- 0.1 ng m-3 with little variation over the course of the cruise even above waters with elevated Hg degrees(diss) indicating that sea ice acts as a barrier to air-sea exchange. Measurements of Hg in precipitation and aerosols were lower than have been found in more coastal regions of the Arctic. We used these concentrations to estimate deposition of Hg and CH3Hg during the time of the cruise. Overall, wet deposition represented 88% of the CH3Hg flux and 38% of the HgT flux. Our flux estimates confirm the importance of air-sea exchange in Hg cycling in the Arctic and suggest that evasion was greater than deposition, indicating a net loss of Hg from the Arctic during this period or the presence of other sources not measured during this study. Additionally, our results suggest that fluxes for offshore waters are lower than found in coastal regions of the Arctic. From these estimates, we predict how Hg concentrations may respond to future changes in ice cover and other potential impacts of climate change on Hg dynamics and food web bioaccumulation in this important ocean region.


WOS研究方向Oceanography
来源期刊DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/92764
作者单位1.Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, 1080 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT 06340 USA;
2.Univ Tennessee, Inst Space, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Tullahoma, TN 37388 USA;
3.Gas Technol Inst, Des Plaines, IL 60013 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
DiMento, Brian P.,Mason, Robert P.,Brooks, Steven,et al. The impact of sea ice on the air-sea exchange of mercury in the Arctic Ocean[J],2019,144:28-38.
APA DiMento, Brian P.,Mason, Robert P.,Brooks, Steven,&Moore, Chris.(2019).The impact of sea ice on the air-sea exchange of mercury in the Arctic Ocean.DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS,144,28-38.
MLA DiMento, Brian P.,et al."The impact of sea ice on the air-sea exchange of mercury in the Arctic Ocean".DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS 144(2019):28-38.
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