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| Aerosol Partitioning and Heterogeneous Chemistry | |
| 项目编号 | R826767 |
| Roger E. Miller | |
| 项目主持机构 | University of Nevada - Reno |
| 开始日期 | 1998-10-01 |
| 结束日期 | 2001-09-01 |
| 英文摘要 | Project Research Results Final Report 1997 1996 5 publications for this project 5 journal articles for this project Related Information Research Grants P3: Student Design Competition Research Fellowships Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Grantee Research Project Results Search Formation and Physical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosol EPA Grant Number: R823514 Title: Formation and Physical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosol Investigators: Pandis, Spyros N. Institution:Carnegie Mellon University EPA Project Officer: Hahn, Intaek Project Period: September 28, 1995 through September 27, 1998 Project Amount: $382,668 RFA: Exploratory Research - Chemistry and Physics of Air (1995)RFA Text | Recipients Lists Research Category:Air Quality and Air Toxics ,Air ,Engineering and Environmental Chemistry Description: Organic aerosol is an important component of ambient particulate matter, whether in urban, rural, or remote areas. Organic compounds represent on average 30% of the PM10 and 35% of the PM2.5 aerosol mass in urban polluted areas like Los Angeles. Atmospheric aerosols pose significant environmental risks (health problems, visibility degradation), in part because of these organic compounds. Design of effective emission controls, that will reduce the ambient aerosol concentrations and the corresponding risks, require the understanding of the processes leading to the formation of organic aerosols. The direct emission of organic matter to the atmosphere (primary organic aerosol) is a relatively simple process, and current efforts mainly concentrate on the quantification of emission rates and the chemical characterization of sources. On the contrary, the in situ formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) by condensation of low volatility products of the photooxidation of hydrocarbons remains poorly understood. The available aerosol thermodynamic models often cannot explain the reported presence of several semi-volatile organic compounds in the aerosol phase. The state-of-the-art dynamic aerosol models cannot reproduce the observed SOA bimodal distribution. Current understanding of the interaction of these SOA compounds with each other and with the inorganic aerosol components is very limited. This project investigates the transport of SOA compounds from the gas to the aerosol phase. The equilibrium partitioning of the major SOA components between the gas and aerosol phases is studied by measuring the vapor pressures of their mixtures. The condensation rates of these SOA compounds on a variety of model inorganic and organic aerosols will be measured and the corresponding accommodation coefficients will be calculated. The hypothesis that the SOA compounds preferentially condense on particles of a given composition will be tested. The effect of these organic compounds in the evaporation rate of NH4NO3, the major volatile inorganic aerosol component, will be determined. The proposed experimental system is based on the Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (TDMA) technique. A TDMA system includes the recently developed Scanning Electrical Mobility Spectrometer (SEMS) allowing detailed measurements of the fine aerosol size distribution in a timescale of seconds and the additional ability to produce an externally mixed monodisperse aerosol population. The measured variables will be incorporated in a state-of-the-art aerosol model (Size Resolved Secondary Organic Aerosol Model, SRSOAM). The ability to model the SOA formation processes in the ambient atmosphere will be evaluated by comparing the model output with the best available urban air quality data set (Southern California Air Quality Study, 1987). Publications and Presentations: Publications have been submitted on this project:View all 5 publications for this project Journal Articles: Journal Articles have been submitted on this project:View all 5 journal articles for this project Supplemental Keywords: air, ambient air, atmosphere, particulates, VOC, environmental chemistry, modeling, Northeast, Pennsylvania, PA, Region 3, RFA, Scientific Discipline, Air, Geographic Area, particulate matter, air toxics, Physics, Chemistry, State, Engineering, Chemistry, & Physics, EPA Region, ambient aerosol, ambient air quality, fate and transport, particulates, PM10, PM 2.5, Pennsylvania, atmospheric particles, aerosol particles, emission control technologies, exposure, Region 3, spectroscopic studies, VOCs, chemical mixtures, ambient emissions, organic compounds, air pollution modeling system, Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer, chemical kinetics, secondary organic aerosol, urban air , aerosol production, aerosols Progress and Final Reports: 1996 1997 Final ReportProject Research Results Final Report 1997 1996 5 publications for this project 5 journal articles for this project Related Information Research Grants P3: Student Design Competition Research Fellowships Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Grantee Research Project Results Search Formation and Physical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosol EPA Grant Number: R823514 Title: Formation and Physical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosol Investigators: Pandis, Spyros N. Institution:Carnegie Mellon University EPA Project Officer: Hahn, Intaek Project Period: September 28, 1995 through September 27, 1998 Project Amount: $382,668 RFA: Exploratory Research - Chemistry and Physics of Air (1995)RFA Text | Recipients Lists Research Category:Air Quality and Air Toxics ,Air ,Engineering and Environmental Chemistry Description: Organic aerosol is an important component of ambient particulate matter, whether in urban, rural, or remote areas. Organic compounds represent on average 30% of the PM10 and 35% of the PM2.5 aerosol mass in urban polluted areas like Los Angeles. Atmospheric aerosols pose significant environmental risks (health problems, visibility degradation), in part because of these organic compounds. Design of effective emission controls, that will reduce the ambient aerosol concentrations and the corresponding risks, require the understanding of the processes leading to the formation of organic aerosols. The direct emission of organic matter to the atmosphere (primary organic aerosol) is a relatively simple process, and current efforts mainly concentrate on the quantification of emission rates and the chemical characterization of sources. On the contrary, the in situ formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) by condensation of low volatility products of the photooxidation of hydrocarbons remains poorly understood. The available aerosol thermodynamic models often cannot explain the reported presence of several semi-volatile organic compounds in the aerosol phase. The state-of-the-art dynamic aerosol models cannot reproduce the observed SOA bimodal distribution. Current understanding of the interaction of these SOA compounds with each other and with the inorganic aerosol components is very limited. This project investigates the transport of SOA compounds from the gas to the aerosol phase. The equilibrium partitioning of the major SOA components between the gas and aerosol phases is studied by measuring the vapor pressures of their mixtures. The condensation rates of these SOA compounds on a variety of model inorganic and organic aerosols will be measured and the corresponding accommodation coefficients will be calculated. The hypothesis that the SOA compounds preferentially condense on particles of a given composition will be tested. The effect of these organic compounds in the evaporation rate of NH4NO3, the major volatile inorganic aerosol component, will be determined. The proposed experimental system is based on the Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (TDMA) technique. A TDMA system includes the recently developed Scanning Electrical Mobility Spectrometer (SEMS) allowing detailed measurements of the fine aerosol size distribution in a timescale of seconds and the additional ability to produce an externally mixed monodisperse aerosol population. The measured variables will be incorporated in a state-of-the-art aerosol model (Size Resolved Secondary Organic Aerosol Model, SRSOAM). The ability to model the SOA formation processes in the ambient atmosphere will be evaluated by comparing the model output with the best available urban air quality data set (Southern California Air Quality Study, 1987). Publications and Presentations: Publications have been submitted on this project:View all 5 publications for this project Journal Articles: Journal Articles have been submitted on this project:View all 5 journal articles for this project Supplemental Keywords: air, ambient air, atmosphere, particulates, VOC, environmental chemistry, modeling, Northeast, Pennsylvania, PA, Region 3, RFA, Scientific Discipline, Air, Geographic Area, particulate matter, air toxics, Physics, Chemistry, State, Engineering, Chemistry, & Physics, EPA Region, ambient aerosol, ambient air quality, fate and transport, particulates, PM10, PM 2.5, Pennsylvania, atmospheric particles, aerosol particles, emission control technologies, exposure, Region 3, spectroscopic studies, VOCs, chemical mixtures, ambient emissions, organic compounds, air pollution modeling system, Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer, chemical kinetics, secondary organic aerosol, urban air , aerosol production, aerosols Progress and Final Reports: 1996 1997 Final ReportProject Research Results Final Report 1997 1996 5 publications for this project 5 journal articles for this project Related Information Research Grants P3: Student Design Competition Research Fellowships Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Grantee Research Project Results Search Formation and Physical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosol EPA Grant Number: R823514 Title: Formation and Physical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosol Investigators: Pandis, Spyros N. Institution:Carnegie Mellon University EPA Project Officer: Hahn, Intaek Project Period: September 28, 1995 through September 27, 1998 Project Amount: $382,668 RFA: Exploratory Research - Chemistry and Physics of Air (1995)RFA Text | Recipients Lists Research Category:Air Quality and Air Toxics ,Air ,Engineering and Environmental Chemistry Description: Organic aerosol is an important component of ambient particulate matter, whether in urban, rural, or remote areas. Organic compounds represent on average 30% of the PM10 and 35% of the PM2.5 aerosol mass in urban polluted areas like Los Angeles. Atmospheric aerosols pose significant environmental risks (health problems, visibility degradation), in part because of these organic compounds. Design of effective emission controls, that will reduce the ambient aerosol concentrations and the corresponding risks, require the understanding of the processes leading to the formation of organic aerosols. The direct emission of organic matter to the atmosphere (primary organic aerosol) is a relatively simple process, and current efforts mainly concentrate on the quantification of emission rates and the chemical characterization of sources. On the contrary, the in situ formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) by condensation of low volatility products of the photooxidation of hydrocarbons remains poorly understood. The available aerosol thermodynamic models often cannot explain the reported presence of several semi-volatile organic compounds in the aerosol phase. The state-of-the-art dynamic aerosol models cannot reproduce the observed SOA bimodal distribution. Current understanding of the interaction of these SOA compounds with each other and with the inorganic aerosol components is very limited. This project investigates the transport of SOA compounds from the gas to the aerosol phase. The equilibrium partitioning of the major SOA components between the gas and aerosol phases is studied by measuring the vapor pressures of their mixtures. The condensation rates of these SOA compounds on a variety of model inorganic and organic aerosols will be measured and the corresponding accommodation coefficients will be calculated. The hypothesis that the SOA compounds preferentially condense on particles of a given composition will be tested. The effect of these organic compounds in the evaporation rate of NH4NO3, the major volatile inorganic aerosol component, will be determined. The proposed experimental system is based on the Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (TDMA) technique. A TDMA system includes the recently developed Scanning Electrical Mobility Spectrometer (SEMS) allowing detailed measurements of the fine aerosol size distribution in a timescale of seconds and the additional ability to produce an externally mixed monodisperse aerosol population. The measured variables will be incorporated in a state-of-the-art aerosol model (Size Resolved Secondary Organic Aerosol Model, SRSOAM). The ability to model the SOA formation processes in the ambient atmosphere will be evaluated by comparing the model output with the best available urban air quality data set (Southern California Air Quality Study, 1987). |
| 英文关键词 | air;ambient air;atmosphere;particulates;VOC;environmental chemistry;modeling;Northeast;Pennsylvania;PA;Region 3 |
| 学科分类 | 09 - 环境科学;08 - 地球科学 |
| 资助机构 | US-EPA |
| 项目经费 | 338749 |
| 国家 | US |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/77063 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Roger E. Miller.Aerosol Partitioning and Heterogeneous Chemistry.1998. |
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