CCPortal
DOI10.1525/elementa.279
Tropospheric ozone assessment report: Global ozone metrics for climate change, human health, and crop/ecosystem research
Lefohn, Allen S.1; Malley, Christopher S.2,3,4; Smith, Luther5; Wells, Benjamin6; Hazucha, Milan7; Simon, Heather6; Naik, Vaishali8; Mills, Gina9; Schultz, Martin G.10; Paoletti, Elena11; De Marco, Alessandra12; Xu, Xiaobin13; Zhang, Li14; Wang, Tao14; Neufeld, Howard S.15; Musselman, Robert C.16; Tarasick, David17; Brauer, Michael18; Feng, Zhaozhong19; Tang, Haoye20; Kobayashi, Kazuhiko21; Sicard, Pierre22; Solberg, Sverre23; Gerosa, Giacomo24
发表日期2018-04-06
ISSN2325-1026
卷号6
英文摘要

Assessment of spatial and temporal variation in the impacts of ozone on human health, vegetation, and climate requires appropriate metrics. A key component of the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) is the consistent calculation of these metrics at thousands of monitoring sites globally. Investigating temporal trends in these metrics required that the same statistical methods be applied across these ozone monitoring sites. The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test (for significant trends) and the Theil-Sen estimator (for estimating the magnitude of trend) were selected to provide robust methods across all sites. This paper provides the scientific underpinnings necessary to better understand the implications of and rationale for selecting a specific TOAR metric for assessing spatial and temporal variation in ozone for a particular impact. The rationale and underlying research evidence that influence the derivation of specific metrics are given. The form of 25 metrics (4 for model-measurement comparison, 5 for characterization of ozone in the free troposphere, 11 for human health impacts, and 5 for vegetation impacts) are described. Finally, this study categorizes health and vegetation exposure metrics based on the extent to which they are determined only by the highest hourly ozone levels, or by a wider range of values. The magnitude of the metrics is influenced by both the distribution of hourly average ozone concentrations at a site location, and the extent to which a particular metric is determined by relatively low, moderate, and high hourly ozone levels. Hence, for the same ozone time series, changes in the distribution of ozone concentrations can result in different changes in the magnitude and direction of trends for different metrics. Thus, dissimilar conclusions about the effect of changes in the drivers of ozone variability (e.g., precursor emissions) on health and vegetation exposure can result from the selection of different metrics.


英文关键词tropospheric ozone;ground-level ozone;metrics;ozone distributions;shifting ozone concentrations;trends
语种英语
WOS记录号WOS:000429374000001
来源期刊ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
来源机构美国环保署
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/62088
作者单位1.ASL & Associates, Helena, MT 59601 USA;
2.Univ York, Environm Dept, Stockholm Environm Inst, York, N Yorkshire, England;
3.NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland;
4.Univ Edinburgh, Sch Chem, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland;
5.Alion Sci & Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA;
6.US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA;
7.Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA;
8.NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA;
9.Environm Ctr Wales, NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales;
10.Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, Germany;
11.CNR, Inst Sustainable Plant Protect, Florence, Italy;
12.Italian Natl Agcy New Technol Energy & Sustainabl, Rome, Italy;
13.Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Inst Atmospher Composit, Key Lab Atmospher Chem, Beijing, Peoples R China;
14.Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China;
15.Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, Boone, NC 28608 USA;
16.US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA;
17.Environm & Climate Change Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Downsview, ON, Canada;
18.Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada;
19.Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Eco Environm Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China;
20.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;
21.Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Tokyo, Japan;
22.ACRI HE, 260 Route Pin Montard BP234, Sophia Antipolis, France;
23.Norwegian Inst Air Res NILU, Kjeller, Norway;
24.Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Brescia, Italy
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Lefohn, Allen S.,Malley, Christopher S.,Smith, Luther,et al. Tropospheric ozone assessment report: Global ozone metrics for climate change, human health, and crop/ecosystem research[J]. 美国环保署,2018,6.
APA Lefohn, Allen S..,Malley, Christopher S..,Smith, Luther.,Wells, Benjamin.,Hazucha, Milan.,...&Gerosa, Giacomo.(2018).Tropospheric ozone assessment report: Global ozone metrics for climate change, human health, and crop/ecosystem research.ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE,6.
MLA Lefohn, Allen S.,et al."Tropospheric ozone assessment report: Global ozone metrics for climate change, human health, and crop/ecosystem research".ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE 6(2018).
条目包含的文件
条目无相关文件。
个性服务
推荐该条目
保存到收藏夹
导出为Endnote文件
谷歌学术
谷歌学术中相似的文章
[Lefohn, Allen S.]的文章
[Malley, Christopher S.]的文章
[Smith, Luther]的文章
百度学术
百度学术中相似的文章
[Lefohn, Allen S.]的文章
[Malley, Christopher S.]的文章
[Smith, Luther]的文章
必应学术
必应学术中相似的文章
[Lefohn, Allen S.]的文章
[Malley, Christopher S.]的文章
[Smith, Luther]的文章
相关权益政策
暂无数据
收藏/分享

除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。