气候变化领域集成服务门户

ObjectiveTo examine the literature on resting energy expenditure (REE) of youth and determine the influence of age, sex, BMI, and body composition on REE.

MethodsA literature search was conducted using PubMed, BIOSIS Previews, NTIS, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Pascal databases for studies with data on resting metabolic rate, REE, resting oxygen uptake (or VO2) in healthy children, youth, or adolescents (age=1-18 years). Over 200 publications were identified; sixty-one publications met criteria and were included in the meta-analyses, resulting in 142 study population estimates (totaling 5,397 youth) of REE.

ResultsPooled mean was 1414 kcalday(-1) with a significant and moderate-to-high between-study heterogeneity [Q(140)=7912.42, P<0.001; I-2=98.97%]. A significantly greater (P<0.001) pooled mean kcalday(-1) was estimated for studies with male participants (1519 kcalday(-1)) comparing to studies with female participants (1338 kcalday(-1)). Age, height, and body mass resulted in the highest R-2 of 86.4 for males and 83.9% for females. Fat free mass and body mass index (BMI) did not improve total R-2.

ConclusionsThese data suggest that using a linear equation including age, height, and body mass to estimate REE based on kcalday(-1) is more accurate than estimates based on body mass kcalkg(-1)h(-1). Further, if kcalkg(-1)h(-1) is used, including a quadratic component for the physical characteristics improves the predictive ability of the equation. Regardless of the metric, separate equations should be used for each sex.