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DOI | 10.1093/toxsci/kft228 |
Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors | |
Rider, Cynthia V.1; Boekelheide, Kim2; Catlin, Natasha2; Gordon, Christopher J.3; Morata, Thais4; Selgrade, MaryJane K.5; Sexton, Kenneth6; Simmons, Jane Ellen7 | |
发表日期 | 2014 |
ISSN | 1096-6080 |
卷号 | 137期号:1页码:3-11 |
英文摘要 | Recent efforts to update cumulative risk assessment procedures to incorporate nonchemical stressors ranging from physical to psychosocial reflect increased interest in consideration of the totality of variables affecting human health and the growing desire to develop community-based risk assessment methods. A key roadblock is the uncertainty as to how nonchemical stressors behave in relationship to chemical stressors. Physical stressors offer a reasonable starting place for measuring the effects of nonchemical stressors and their modulation of chemical effects (and vice versa), as they clearly differ from chemical stressors; and doses of many physical stressors are more easily quantifiable than those of psychosocial stressors. There is a commonly held belief that virtually nothing is known about the impact of nonchemical stressors on chemically mediated toxicity or the joint impact of coexposure to chemical and nonchemical stressors. Although this is generally true, there are several instances where a substantial body of evidence exists. A workshop titled Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors held at the 2013 Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting provided a forum for discussion of research addressing the toxicity of physical stressors and what is known about their interactions with chemical stressors, both in terms of exposure and effects. Physical stressors including sunlight, heat, radiation, infectious disease, and noise were discussed in reference to identifying pathways of interaction with chemical stressors, data gaps, and suggestions for future incorporation into cumulative risk assessments. |
英文关键词 | cumulative risk;nonchemical stressors;joint action;radiation;infectious disease;sunlight;temperature;noise |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000329133400002 |
来源期刊 | TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/61449 |
作者单位 | 1.NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA; 2.Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA; 3.US EPA, Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA; 4.NIOSH, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA; 5.ICF Int, Durham, NC 27713 USA; 6.Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA; 7.US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Rider, Cynthia V.,Boekelheide, Kim,Catlin, Natasha,et al. Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors[J]. 美国环保署,2014,137(1):3-11. |
APA | Rider, Cynthia V..,Boekelheide, Kim.,Catlin, Natasha.,Gordon, Christopher J..,Morata, Thais.,...&Simmons, Jane Ellen.(2014).Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors.TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES,137(1),3-11. |
MLA | Rider, Cynthia V.,et al."Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors".TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES 137.1(2014):3-11. |
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