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DOI | 10.1016/j.proci.2012.07.050 |
Crude glycerol combustion: Particulate, acrolein, and other volatile organic emissions | |
Steinmetz, Scott A.2; Herrington, Jason S.1; Winterrowd, Christopher K.3; Roberts, William L.2; Wendt, Jost O. L.4; Linak, William P.1 | |
发表日期 | 2013 |
ISSN | 1540-7489 |
卷号 | 34页码:2749-2757 |
英文摘要 | Crude glycerol is an abundant by-product of biodiesel production. As volumes of this potential waste grow, there is increasing interest in developing new value added uses. One possible use, as a boiler fuel for process heating, offers added advantages of energy integration and fossil fuel substitution. However, challenges to the use of crude glycerol as a boiler fuel include its low energy density, high viscosity, and high autoignition temperature. We have previously shown that a refractory-lined, high swirl burner can overcome challenges related to flame ignition and stability. However, critical issues related to ash behavior and the possible formation of acrolein remained. The work presented here indicates that the presence of dissolved catalysts used during the esterification and transesterification processes results in extremely large amounts of inorganic species in the crude glycerol. For the fuels examined here, the result is a submicron fly ash comprised primarily of sodium carbonates, phosphates, and sulfates. These particles report to a well-developed accumulation mode (0.3-0.7 mu m diameter), indicating extensive ash vaporization and particle formation via nucleation, condensation, and coagulation. Particle mass emissions were between 2 and 4 g/m(3). These results indicate that glycerol containing soluble catalyst is not suitable as a boiler fuel. Fortunately, process improvements are currently addressing this issue. Additionally, acrolein is of concern due to its toxicity, and is known to be formed from the low temperature thermal decomposition of glycerol. Currently, there is no known reliable method for measuring acrolein in sources. Acrolein and emissions of other volatile organic compounds were characterized through the use of a SUMMA canister-based sampling method followed by GC-MS analysis designed for ambient measurements. Results indicate crude glycerol combustion produces relatively small amounts of acrolein (similar to 15 ppbv) and other volatile organic compounds, with emissions comparable to those from natural gas combustion. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. |
英文关键词 | Glycerol combustion;Emission characterization;Bio-fuels;Acrolein measurements;Waste fuels |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000313131800100 |
来源期刊 | PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
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来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/60498 |
作者单位 | 1.US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA; 2.N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA; 3.ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA; 4.Univ Utah, Dept Chem Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Steinmetz, Scott A.,Herrington, Jason S.,Winterrowd, Christopher K.,et al. Crude glycerol combustion: Particulate, acrolein, and other volatile organic emissions[J]. 美国环保署,2013,34:2749-2757. |
APA | Steinmetz, Scott A.,Herrington, Jason S.,Winterrowd, Christopher K.,Roberts, William L.,Wendt, Jost O. L.,&Linak, William P..(2013).Crude glycerol combustion: Particulate, acrolein, and other volatile organic emissions.PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE,34,2749-2757. |
MLA | Steinmetz, Scott A.,et al."Crude glycerol combustion: Particulate, acrolein, and other volatile organic emissions".PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE 34(2013):2749-2757. |
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