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DOI10.4209/aaqr.2016.11.0522
Fogs and Air Quality on the Southern California Coast
Boris, Alexandra J.1,3; Napolitano, Denise C.2; Herckes, Pierre2; Clements, Andrea L.1,4; Collett, Jeffrey L., Jr.1
发表日期2018
ISSN1680-8584
卷号18期号:1页码:224-239
英文摘要

Fog acts as a reservoir and transport vector for chemicals in the atmosphere, altering the distribution of species between the gas and particle phases, and allowing deposition of nutrients and pollutants onto ecosystems and crops. Fog water and trace gas samples were collected from Casitas Pass along the Santa Barbara Channel in June 2015 to identify emissions sources and aqueous processes impacting Southern California air. Fog water composition was dominated by NH4+ (volume weighted mean, VWM = 232 mu M, range = 85-640 mu M), with lesser contributions from NO3- (126 mu M, 30.4-778 mu M) and SO42- (28.3 mu M, 12.1-90.0 mu M), pushing the VWM pH to 5.92 (5.34-6.67). Organic carbon contributed substantially to fog composition (8.27 mg C L-1, 4.70-16.8 mg C L-1). Carboxylic acids, products of aqueous oxidation, were abundant (20.1% of carbon mass on average), with > 1% contributions by acetate, formate, oxalate, malonate, succinate, and lactate. Sulfur-and nitrogen-containing organic species were detected, often after 3-5 hours of fog, suggesting aqueous formation. Sampled air was advected over the coastline near oil extraction operations, urban and agricultural areas; regional oil and natural gas processing and mobile sources were the most influential organic emissions at Casitas Pass. Fog composition in 2015 was contrasted with that from a study in July-September 1985/6. Concentrations of major fog constituents appear to have decreased in response to successful air quality regulations. While natural species concentrations in fog were similar (e.g., 2015 VWM [Na+] = 101 mu M, range = < 30-320 mu M; 1985/6 [Na+] = 129 mu M, 12-1000 mu M), anthropogenic species concentrations were lower in 2015 (e.g., 1985/6: [NO3-] = 236 mu M, 141-2800 mu M vs. 2015: 126 mu M, 30.4-778 mu M). These results overall highlight changes in Southern California air quality issues, including improvement of some anthropogenic emissions and the current influence of organic emissions from industrial and mobile sources.


英文关键词Fog chemistry;Aqueous atmospheric chemistry;Aqueous secondary organic aerosol;Organic sulfur;Organic nitrogen
语种英语
WOS记录号WOS:000426427000019
来源期刊AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
来源机构美国环保署
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/60473
作者单位1.Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA;
2.Arizona State Univ, Sch Mol Sci, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA;
3.Univ Calif Davis, Air Qual Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA;
4.US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Boris, Alexandra J.,Napolitano, Denise C.,Herckes, Pierre,et al. Fogs and Air Quality on the Southern California Coast[J]. 美国环保署,2018,18(1):224-239.
APA Boris, Alexandra J.,Napolitano, Denise C.,Herckes, Pierre,Clements, Andrea L.,&Collett, Jeffrey L., Jr..(2018).Fogs and Air Quality on the Southern California Coast.AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH,18(1),224-239.
MLA Boris, Alexandra J.,et al."Fogs and Air Quality on the Southern California Coast".AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH 18.1(2018):224-239.
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