气候变化领域集成服务门户

Near-road exposure to air pollutants has been associated with decreased lung function and other adverse health effects in susceptible populations. This study was designed to investigate whether different types of near,road particulate matter (PM) contribute to exacerbation of allergic asthma. Samples of upwind and downwind coarse, fine, and ultrafine PM were collected using a wind direction-actuated ChemVol sampler at a single site 100 in from Interstate-96 in Detroit, MI during winter 2010/2011. Upwind PM was enriched in crustal and wood combustion sources while downwind PM was dominated by traffic sources. Control and ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/cJ Mice were exposed Via oropharyngeal (OP) aspiration to 20 or 100 mu g of each PM sample 2 h prior to OP challenge with OVA. In OVA-allergic mice, 100 mu g Of downwind coarse PM caused greater increase than downwind fine/ultrafine PM in bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophils, eosinophils, and lactate dehydrogenase. Upwind fine PM (100 mu g) produced greater increases in heutrophils and eosinophils compared to other upwind size fractions. Cytokine (IL-5) levels in BAL fluid also increased markedly following 100 mu g downwind coarse and downwind ultrafine PM exposures. These findings indicate coarse PM downwind and line PM upwind of an interstate highway promote inflammation in allergic mice.