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DOI | 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000224 |
Prevalence of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors Among Residents Younger Than 6 Years, Puerto Rico-2010 | |
Dignam, Timothy1; Garcia, Brenda Rivera6; De Leon, Maridali6; Curtis, Gerald1; Creanga, Andreea A.2; Azofeifa, Alejandro3; O'; Neill, Maureen7; Blanton, Curtis4; Kennedy, Chinaro1; Rullan, Maria; Caldwell, Kathy5; Rullan, John; Brown, Mary Jean1 | |
发表日期 | 2016 |
ISSN | 1078-4659 |
卷号 | 22期号:1页码:E22-E35 |
英文摘要 | Context: Limited data exist about blood lead levels (BLLs) and potential exposures among children living in Puerto Rico. The Puerto Rico Department of Health has no formal blood lead surveillance program. Objectives: We assessed the prevalence of elevated BLLs (>= 5 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood), evaluated household environmental lead levels, and risk factors for BLL among children younger than 6 years of age living in Puerto Rico in 2010. Methods: We used a population-based, cross-sectional sampling strategy to enroll an island-representative sample of Puerto Rican children younger than 6 years. We estimated the island-wide weighted prevalence of elevated BLLs and conducted bivariable and multivariable linear regression analyses to ascertain risk factors for elevated BLLs. Results: The analytic data set included 355 households and 439 children younger than 6 years throughout Puerto Rico. The weighted geometric mean BLL of children younger than 6 years was 1.57 mu g/dL (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-1.88). The weighted prevalence of children younger than 6 years with BLLs of 5 mu g/dL or more was 3.18% (95% CI, 0.93-5.43) and for BLLs of 10 mu g/dL or more was 0.50% (95% CI, 0-1.31). Higher mean BLLs were significantly associated with data collection during the summer months, a lead-related activity or hobby of anyone in the residence, and maternal education of less than 12 years. Few environmental lead hazards were identified. Conclusions: The prevalence of elevated BLLs among Puerto Rican children younger than 6 years is comparable with the most recent (2007-2010) US national estimate (BLLs >= 5 mu g/dL = 2.6% [95% CI = 1.6-4.0]). Our findings suggest that targeted screening of specific higher-risk groups of children younger than 6 years can replace island-wide or insurance-specific policies of mandatory blood lead testing in Puerto Rico. |
英文关键词 | Blood lead level;Children;Lead;Puerto Rico |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000375233200005 |
来源期刊 | JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE
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来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/58199 |
作者单位 | 1.Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA; 2.Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA; 3.Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA; 4.Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA; 5.Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA; 6.Puerto Rico Dept Publ Hlth, San Juan, PR USA; 7.US EPA, Reg 2, New York, NY USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Dignam, Timothy,Garcia, Brenda Rivera,De Leon, Maridali,et al. Prevalence of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors Among Residents Younger Than 6 Years, Puerto Rico-2010[J]. 美国环保署,2016,22(1):E22-E35. |
APA | Dignam, Timothy.,Garcia, Brenda Rivera.,De Leon, Maridali.,Curtis, Gerald.,Creanga, Andreea A..,...&Brown, Mary Jean.(2016).Prevalence of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors Among Residents Younger Than 6 Years, Puerto Rico-2010.JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE,22(1),E22-E35. |
MLA | Dignam, Timothy,et al."Prevalence of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors Among Residents Younger Than 6 Years, Puerto Rico-2010".JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 22.1(2016):E22-E35. |
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