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DOI | 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.025 |
Fine particulate matters: The impact of air quality standards on cardiovascular mortality | |
Corrigan, Anne E.1; Becker, Michelle M.2; Neas, Lucas M.3; Cascio, Wayne E.3; Rappold, Ana G.3 | |
发表日期 | 2018-02-01 |
ISSN | 0013-9351 |
卷号 | 161页码:364-369 |
英文摘要 | Background: In 1997 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency set the first annual National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Although the weight of scientific evidence has determined that a causal relationship exists between PM2.5 exposures and cardiovascular effects, few studies have concluded whether NAAQS-related reductions in PM2.5 led to improvements in public health. Methods: We examined the change in cardiovascular (CV) mortality rate and the association between change in PM2.5 and change in CV-mortality rate before (2000-2004) and after implementation of the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS (2005-2010) among U.S. counties. We further examined how the association varied with respect to two factors related to NAAQS compliance: attainment status and design values (DV). We used difference-in-differences and linear regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic confounders. Findings: Across 619 counties, there were 1.10 (95% CI: 0.37, 1.82) fewer CV-deaths per year per 100,000 people for each 1 g/m(3) decrease in PM2.5. Nonattainment counties had a twofold larger reduction in mean annual PM2.5, 2.1 mu g/m(3), compared to attainment counties, 0.97 mu g/m(3). CV-mortality rate decreased by 0.59 (95% CI: -0.54, 1.71) in nonattainment and 1.96 (95% CI: 0.77, 3.15) deaths per 100,000 people for each 1 mu g/m(3) decrease in PM2.5 in attainment counties. When stratifying counties by DV, results were similar: counties with DV greater than 15 g/m(3) experienced the greatest decrease in mean annual PM2.5 (2.29 g/m(3)) but the smallest decrease in CV-mortality rate per unit decrease in PM2.5, 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57, 2.02). Interpretation: We report a significant association between the change in PM2.5 and the change in CV-mortality rate before and after the implementation of NAAQS and note that the health benefits per 1 mu g/m(3) decrease in PM2.5 persist at levels below the current national standard. |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000423654100042 |
来源期刊 | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/57742 |
作者单位 | 1.US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA; 2.US EPA, Air & Radiat Div, Reg 5, Springfield, IL USA; 3.US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Corrigan, Anne E.,Becker, Michelle M.,Neas, Lucas M.,et al. Fine particulate matters: The impact of air quality standards on cardiovascular mortality[J]. 美国环保署,2018,161:364-369. |
APA | Corrigan, Anne E.,Becker, Michelle M.,Neas, Lucas M.,Cascio, Wayne E.,&Rappold, Ana G..(2018).Fine particulate matters: The impact of air quality standards on cardiovascular mortality.ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH,161,364-369. |
MLA | Corrigan, Anne E.,et al."Fine particulate matters: The impact of air quality standards on cardiovascular mortality".ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 161(2018):364-369. |
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