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Gene co-ops and the biotrade: Translating genetic resource rights into sustainable development | |
Reid, WV | |
发表日期 | 1996 |
ISSN | 0164-0313 |
卷号 | 51期号:1-3页码:75-92 |
英文摘要 | The 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity marks a basic change in the international status of genetic resources. Prior to the Convention, these resources were considered to be the 'heritage of mankind.' Although the intent of this open access regime was to ensure the widespread availability of genetic resources for agriculture and industry, commercial use of the resources provided no additional economic incentive for conservation by source countries. The Biodiversity Convention corrects this policy failure by establishing that states have sovereign rights over their genetic resources, thereby enabling market incentives to complement various multilateral mechanisms that might directly fund biodiversity conservation. A number of obstacles face countries that are translating this broad right to regulate access into specific policies, laws, and regulations designed to meet conservation and development objectives. A review of these obstacles and of trends in technological development suggest that nations and developing country institutions should take a set of actions to develop access legislation and Material Transfer Agreements, establish biodiversity 'cooperatives' and intermediary institutions to facilitate information exchange, develop minimum standards for access legislation, and require that prior informed consent of local communities be obtained by all biodiversity collectors. |
英文关键词 | biodiversity prospecting;biotechnology;access legislation;local community rights;cooperatives;trade;natural products;drug development;plant genetic resources |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:A1996UC67600012 |
来源期刊 | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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来源机构 | 世界资源研究所 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/55919 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Reid, WV. Gene co-ops and the biotrade: Translating genetic resource rights into sustainable development[J]. 世界资源研究所,1996,51(1-3):75-92. |
APA | Reid, WV.(1996).Gene co-ops and the biotrade: Translating genetic resource rights into sustainable development.JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY,51(1-3),75-92. |
MLA | Reid, WV."Gene co-ops and the biotrade: Translating genetic resource rights into sustainable development".JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 51.1-3(1996):75-92. |
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