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| DOI | 10.1029/2023JF007429 |
| The Signature of Climate in Fluvial Suspended Sediment Records | |
| 发表日期 | 2024 |
| ISSN | 2169-9003 |
| EISSN | 2169-9011 |
| 起始页码 | 129 |
| 结束页码 | 1 |
| 卷号 | 129期号:1 |
| 英文摘要 | Arid regions are often characterized by exceptionally high rates of fluvial sediment transport, but the processes responsible for this apparent connection between climate and sediment transport remain unclear. We examined decades of continuous flow records and suspended sediment concentrations from 71 rivers across the United States by comparing the suspended sediment rating curve behavior, quantified using power law coefficients and exponents, to an aridity index. Results indicate that higher aridity correlates with both greater overall suspended sediment concentration and lower sensitivity of concentration to changes in discharge, demonstrating that rivers in arid locations on average have greater suspended sediment transport efficiency across most discharges, and achieve high transport rates at a relatively lower discharge than rivers in temperate climates. Furthermore, based on additional analyses of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, specific suspended sediment yield, and a hydrograph flashiness index, we attribute the relationships between sediment transport and climate primarily to differences in vegetation density, precipitation, and runoff, variables that all influence both sediment supply and riverbed grain sorting. Finally, we note that the observed contrasts in sediment transport behavior likely represent climate-driven differences in the magnitude and frequency of sediment supply rather than annual suspended sediment load, which does not depend significantly on climate. This study highlights a critical connection between multiple interrelated climatic factors and sediment transport, an important finding for future hazard mitigation in a changing climate with rapidly shifting vegetation patterns and hydrology. There is a wide variation in the appearance and behavior of rivers throughout the world, which often relates to how rivers move sediment. For example, the degree of erosion and sediment deposition following large floods does not depend solely on the size of the flood but also on the amount of sediment it contains. To this point, some evidence suggests that rivers in dry climates carry larger volumes of sediment at a given flow than rivers in temperate climates, but this connection has not been sufficiently explored on a large scale. We addressed this scientific gap by examining how sediment concentrations in rivers respond to changes in flow. Our results from dozens of rivers across the United States indicate that streams in more arid climates often carry higher concentrations of sediment at a given flow rate than their temperate counterparts, especially during smaller flood events. This behavior may relate to differences in vegetation density and rainfall patterns, as both of these climate-dependent factors influence the quantity of sediment entering streams and the organization of sediment on the streambed. These findings reveal an important link between climate and sediment transport, which is important to consider as we prepare for future climate change. Flow records and suspended sediment data from 71 rivers in the US reveal a significant relationship between aridity and sediment transportIn arid climates, suspended sediment concentration is on average higher and less sensitive to changes in discharge than in humid climatesClimate-dependent factors like vegetation density and runoff variability likely explain observed differences in sediment transport behavior |
| 英文关键词 | aridity; climate; fluvial geomorphology; rating curve; suspended sediment; sediment transport |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS研究方向 | Geology |
| WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:001135350800001 |
| 来源期刊 | JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/306649 |
| 作者单位 | University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | . The Signature of Climate in Fluvial Suspended Sediment Records[J],2024,129(1). |
| APA | (2024).The Signature of Climate in Fluvial Suspended Sediment Records.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE,129(1). |
| MLA | "The Signature of Climate in Fluvial Suspended Sediment Records".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE 129.1(2024). |
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