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DOI	10.3389/fenvs.2024.1342330
	Environmental impact assessment of hemp cultivation and its seed-based food products
	Kemda, Marlyse Meffo; Marchi, Michela; Neri, Elena; Marchettini, Nadia; Niccolucci, Valentina
发表日期	2024
EISSN	2296-665X
起始页码	12
卷号	12
英文摘要	Introduction: Hemp is a crop cultivated in Europe since ancient times, with a variety of purposes and products. Despite being known for its positive environmental effects on ecosystems, the impacts of hemp-based food products have not been sufficiently investigated yet. This paper contributed to deepen the knowledge of the hemp industry by focusing on the potential environmental impact of the cultivation phase (under three different agronomic practices in Italy: organic outdoor and conventional outdoor, and indoor) and the production of selected hemp-based goods (seed oil and flour for food purposes and flowers for therapeutic uses). Methods: The impact was quantified utilizing the life cycle assessment within different impact categories, such as carbon footprint (CF), eutrophication (EP), acidification (AP), and water footprint (WF). For a carbon offset assessment, the carbon storage capability (i.e., the carbon fixed in crop residues left in the field) of hemp was also investigated through the guidelines provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Results and Discussion: The cultivation phase contributed to a CF that ranged from 1.2 (organic outdoor) to 374 (indoor) kg per kg of grains (conventional outdoor). These results were in line with the literature. Sensitivity scenarios based on hotspot analysis were also presented for CF mitigation for each kind of cultivation. On the other hand, the ability of hemp to sequester carbon in the soil due to crop residues left in the field (i.e., carbon storage) was evaluated (-2.7 kg CO2 (ha year)-1), showing that the CF was fully compensated (-0.27 kg CO2 (ha year)-1 for conventional outdoor and -1.07 kg CO2 (ha year)-1 for organic outdoor). Regarding hemp-based products, only dried flowers showed a negative balance (-0.99 kg CO2 per kg dry flower), while hemp oil and flour reported 31.79 kg CO2 per kg flour) when carbon storage was accounted. The results support the idea that the production chain can be sustainable and carbon-neutral only when all the different parts of the plant (flowers, seeds, fibers, leaves, and all residues) were used to manufacture durable goods according to the framework of the circular economy.
英文关键词	life cycle assessment; agrifood; hemp (Cannabis sativa L.); environmental impact; carbon footprint; carbon storage
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:001229920100001
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/305529
作者单位	University of Siena
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kemda, Marlyse Meffo,Marchi, Michela,Neri, Elena,et al. Environmental impact assessment of hemp cultivation and its seed-based food products[J],2024,12.
APA	Kemda, Marlyse Meffo,Marchi, Michela,Neri, Elena,Marchettini, Nadia,&Niccolucci, Valentina.(2024).Environmental impact assessment of hemp cultivation and its seed-based food products.FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE,12.
MLA	Kemda, Marlyse Meffo,et al."Environmental impact assessment of hemp cultivation and its seed-based food products".FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 12(2024).