气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Systematic reduction of natural enemies and competition across variable precipitation approximates buffelgrass invasiveness (Cenchrus ciliaris) in its native range

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DOI	10.1002/ece3.11350
	Systematic reduction of natural enemies and competition across variable precipitation approximates buffelgrass invasiveness (Cenchrus ciliaris) in its native range
	Rhodes, Aaron C.; Plowes, Robert M.; Bowman, Elizabeth A.; Gaitho, Aimee; Ng'Iru, Ivy; Martins, Dino J.; Gilbert, Lawrence E.
发表日期	2024
ISSN	2045-7758
起始页码	14
结束页码	5
卷号	14 期号:5
英文摘要	Invasive grasses cause devastating losses to biodiversity and ecosystem function directly and indirectly by altering ecosystem processes. Escape from natural enemies, plant-plant competition, and variable resource availability provide frameworks for understanding invasion. However, we lack a clear understanding of how natural stressors interact in their native range to regulate invasiveness. In this study, we reduced diverse guilds of natural enemies and plant competitors of the highly invasive buffelgrass across a precipitation gradient throughout major climatic shifts in Laikipia, Kenya. To do this, we used a long-term ungulate exclosure experiment design across a precipitation gradient with nested treatments that (1) reduced plant competition through clipping, (2) reduced insects through systemic insecticide, and (3) reduced fungal associates through fungicide application. Additionally, we measured the interaction of ungulates on two stem-boring insect species feeding on buffelgrass. Finally, we measured a multiyear smut fungus outbreak. Our findings suggest that buffelgrass exhibits invasive qualities when released from a diverse group of natural stressors in its native range. We show natural enemies interact with precipitation to alter buffelgrass productivity patterns. In addition, interspecific plant competition decreased the basal area of buffelgrass, suggesting that biotic resistance mediates buffelgrass dominance in the home range. Surprisingly, systemic insecticides and fungicides did not impact buffelgrass production or reproduction, perhaps because other guilds filled the niche space in these highly diverse systems. For example, in the absence of ungulates, we showed an increase in host-specific stem-galling insects, where these insects compensated for reduced ungulate use. Finally, we documented a smut outbreak in 2020 and 2021, corresponding to highly variable precipitation patterns caused by a shifting Indian Ocean Dipole. In conclusion, we observed how reducing natural enemies and competitors and certain interactions increased properties related to buffelgrass invasiveness.
英文关键词	insect herbivory; invasiveness; natural enemies; pathogens; plant competition; ungulate herbivory
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology
WOS类目	Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology
WOS记录号	WOS:001218397900001
来源期刊	ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/303112
作者单位	University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH); Cardiff University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rhodes, Aaron C.,Plowes, Robert M.,Bowman, Elizabeth A.,et al. Systematic reduction of natural enemies and competition across variable precipitation approximates buffelgrass invasiveness (Cenchrus ciliaris) in its native range[J],2024,14(5).
APA	Rhodes, Aaron C..,Plowes, Robert M..,Bowman, Elizabeth A..,Gaitho, Aimee.,Ng'Iru, Ivy.,...&Gilbert, Lawrence E..(2024).Systematic reduction of natural enemies and competition across variable precipitation approximates buffelgrass invasiveness (Cenchrus ciliaris) in its native range.ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION,14(5).
MLA	Rhodes, Aaron C.,et al."Systematic reduction of natural enemies and competition across variable precipitation approximates buffelgrass invasiveness (Cenchrus ciliaris) in its native range".ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION 14.5(2024).