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DOI	10.1016/j.rser.2024.114456
	Is lithium from geothermal brines the sustainable solution for Li-ion batteries?
	Schenker, Vanessa; Bayer, Peter; Oberschelp, Christopher; Pfister, Stephan
发表日期	2024
ISSN	1364-0321
EISSN	1879-0690
起始页码	199
卷号	199
英文摘要	The rising demand for Li, paramount for energy storage, necessitates expanded supply. As the supply is concentrated in a few countries, this poses supply chain risks for Li -ion battery makers. To diversify suppliers, alternative Li ore deposits such as geothermal brines are being explored. However, Li extraction from geothermal brines is challenging due to the unique chemistry and elevated temperatures. Since Li -extraction from geothermal brines is in its infancy, data availability and quality are still poor, hampering life cycle assessments. Hence, this study provides a parametrized life cycle inventory model of Li carbonate production from geothermal brines. The model accounts for site -specific environmental conditions and technological features. Life cycle impacts at the Salton Sea in the US (1686 cases) and the Upper Rhine Graben in Germany (1982 cases) are quantified. The high case numbers are chosen to mitigate the high uncertainties in input parameters. Specifically, the brine chemistry, adsorption yield, drilling required and energy inputs are varied. Climate change impacts of selected cases vary within 18-59 kg CO 2 eq/kg Li carbonate at the Salton Sea and within 5.3-46 kg CO 2 eq/kg Li carbonate at the Upper Rhine Graben, compared to 2.1-11 kg CO 2 eq/kg Li carbonate in existing ecoinvent data sets. The wide range of potential impacts underscore the necessity of earlystage assessments of the technologies. In case of high drilling demand and use of fossil energy, climate change impacts of Li -ion batteries using Li carbonate from geothermal brines can increase by 30-41 % compared to literature values.
英文关键词	Geothermal brines; Mining; Lithium; Life cycle assessment; Life cycle inventory
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Energy & Fuels
WOS类目	Green & Sustainable Science & Technology ; Energy & Fuels
WOS记录号	WOS:001237334900001
来源期刊	RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/289251
作者单位	Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Schenker, Vanessa,Bayer, Peter,Oberschelp, Christopher,et al. Is lithium from geothermal brines the sustainable solution for Li-ion batteries?[J],2024,199.
APA	Schenker, Vanessa,Bayer, Peter,Oberschelp, Christopher,&Pfister, Stephan.(2024).Is lithium from geothermal brines the sustainable solution for Li-ion batteries?.RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS,199.
MLA	Schenker, Vanessa,et al."Is lithium from geothermal brines the sustainable solution for Li-ion batteries?".RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 199(2024).