气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Elevation-dependent warming: observations, models, and energetic mechanisms

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DOI	10.5194/wcd-5-763-2024
	Elevation-dependent warming: observations, models, and energetic mechanisms
	Byrne, Michael P.; Boos, William R.; Hu, Shineng
发表日期	2024
EISSN	2698-4016
起始页码	5
结束页码	2
卷号	5 期号:2
英文摘要	Observational data and numerical models suggest that, under climate change, elevated land surfaces warm faster than non-elevated ones. Proposed drivers of this elevation-dependent warming (EDW) include surface albedo and water vapour feedbacks, the temperature dependence of longwave emission, and aerosols. Yet the relative importance of each proposed mechanism both regionally and at large scales is unclear, highlighting an incomplete physical understanding of EDW.Here we expand on previous regional studies and use gridded observations, atmospheric reanalysis, and a range of climate model simulations to investigate EDW over the historical period across the tropics and subtropics (40 degrees S to 40 degrees N). Observations, reanalysis, and fully coupled models exhibit annual mean warming trends (1959-2014), binned by surface elevation, which are larger over elevated surfaces and broadly consistent across datasets. EDW varies by season, with stronger observed signals in local winter and autumn. Analysis of large ensembles of single-forcing simulations (1959-2005) suggests historical EDW is likely a forced response of the climate system rather than an artefact of internal variability and is primarily driven by increasing greenhouse gas concentrations.To gain quantitative insight into the mechanisms contributing to large-scale EDW, a forcing-feedback framework based on top-of-atmosphere energy balance is applied to the fully coupled models. This framework identifies the Planck and surface albedo feedbacks as being robust drivers of EDW (i.e. enhancing warming over elevated surfaces), with energy transport by the atmospheric circulation also playing an important role. In contrast, water vapour and cloud feedbacks along with weaker radiative forcing in elevated regions oppose EDW. Implications of the results for understanding future EDW are discussed.
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:001228710100001
来源期刊	WEATHER AND CLIMATE DYNAMICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/289136
作者单位	University of St Andrews; University of Oxford; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Duke University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Byrne, Michael P.,Boos, William R.,Hu, Shineng. Elevation-dependent warming: observations, models, and energetic mechanisms[J],2024,5(2).
APA	Byrne, Michael P.,Boos, William R.,&Hu, Shineng.(2024).Elevation-dependent warming: observations, models, and energetic mechanisms.WEATHER AND CLIMATE DYNAMICS,5(2).
MLA	Byrne, Michael P.,et al."Elevation-dependent warming: observations, models, and energetic mechanisms".WEATHER AND CLIMATE DYNAMICS 5.2(2024).