气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lowerstratosphere in spring 2020

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DOI	10.5194/acp-22-15135-2022
	Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lowerstratosphere in spring 2020
	Tomsche, Laura; Marsing, Andreas; Jurkat-Witschas, Tina; Lucke, Johannes; Kaufmann, Stefan; Kaiser, Katharina; Schneider, Johannes; Scheibe, Monika; Schlager, Hans; Roeder, Lenard; Fischer, Horst; Obersteiner, Florian; Zahn, Andreas; Zoeger, Martin; Lelieveld, Jos; Voigt, Christiane
发表日期	2022
ISSN	1680-7316
EISSN	1680-7324
起始页码	15135
结束页码	15151
卷号	22 期号:22 页码:17
英文摘要	Sulfur compounds in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) impact the atmosphere radiation budget, either directly as particles or indirectly as precursor gas for new particle formation. In situ measurements in the UTLS are rare but are important to better understand the impact of the sulfur budget on climate. The BLUESKY mission in May and June 2020 explored an unprecedented situation. (1) The UTLS experienced extraordinary dry conditions in spring 2020 over Europe, in comparison to previous years, and (2) the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic caused major emission reductions from industry, ground, and airborne transportation. With the two research aircraft HALO and Falcon, 20 flights were conducted over central Europe and the North Atlantic to investigate the atmospheric composition with respect to trace gases, aerosol, and clouds. Here, we focus on measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate sulfate (SO2-4) in the altitude range of 8 to 14.5 km which show unexpectedly enhanced mixing ratios of SO2 in the upper troposphere and of SO2- 4 in the lowermost stratosphere. In the UT, we find SO2 mixing ratios of (0.07 +/- 0.01) ppb, caused by the remaining air traffic, and reduced SO2 sinks due to low OH and low cloud fractions and to a minor extent by uplift from boundary layer sources. Particulate sulfate showed elevated mixing ratios of up to 0.33 ppb in the LS. We suggest that the eruption of the volcano Raikoke in June 2019, which emitted about 1 Tg SO2 into the stratosphere in northern midlatitudes, caused these enhancements, in addition to Siberian and Canadian wildfires and other minor volcanic eruptions. Our measurements can help to test models and lead to new insights in the distribution of sulfur compounds in the UTLS, their sources, and sinks. Moreover, these results can contribute to improving simulations of the radiation budget in the UTLS with respect to sulfur effects.
学科领域	Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000892356100001
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/273766
作者单位	Helmholtz Association; German Aerospace Centre (DLR); Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Max Planck Society; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Delft University of Technology; Helmholtz Association; German Aerospace Centre (DLR)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tomsche, Laura,Marsing, Andreas,Jurkat-Witschas, Tina,et al. Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lowerstratosphere in spring 2020[J],2022,22(22):17.
APA	Tomsche, Laura.,Marsing, Andreas.,Jurkat-Witschas, Tina.,Lucke, Johannes.,Kaufmann, Stefan.,...&Voigt, Christiane.(2022).Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lowerstratosphere in spring 2020.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,22(22),17.
MLA	Tomsche, Laura,et al."Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lowerstratosphere in spring 2020".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 22.22(2022):17.