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DOI	10.5194/acp-22-4951-2022
	Formation, radiative forcing, and climatic effects of severe regional haze
	Lin, Yun; Wang, Yuan; Pan, Bowen; Hu, Jiaxi; Guo, Song; Zamora, Misti Levy; Tian, Pengfei; Su, Qiong; Ji, Yuemeng; Zhao, Jiayun; Gomez-Hernandez, Mario; Hu, Min; Zhang, Renyi
发表日期	2022
ISSN	1680-7316
EISSN	1680-7324
起始页码	4951
结束页码	4967
卷号	22 期号:7 页码:17
英文摘要	Severe regional haze events, which are characterized by exceedingly high levels of fine particulate matter (PM), occur frequently in many developing countries (such as China and India), with profound implications for human health, weather, and climate. The occurrence of the haze extremes involves a complex interplay between primary emissions, secondary formation, and conducive meteorological conditions, and the relative contributions of the various processes remain unclear. Here we investigated severe regional haze episodes in 2013 over the Northern China Plain (NCP), by evaluating the PM production and the interactions between elevated PM and the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Analysis of the ground-based measurements and satellite observations of PM properties shows nearly synchronized temporal PM variations among the three megacities (Beijing, Baoding, and Shijiazhuang) in this region and a coincidence of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) hotspots with the three megacities during the polluted period. During the clean-to-hazy transition, the measured oxygenated organic aerosol concentration ([OOA]) well correlates with the odd-oxygen concentration ([O-x] = [O-3] + [NO2]), and the mean [OOA] / [O-x] ratio in Beijing is much larger than those in other megacities (such as Mexico City and Houston), indicating highly efficient photochemical activity. Simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with an explicit aerosol radiative module reveal that strong aerosol-PBL interaction during the polluted period results in a suppressed and stabilized PBL and elevated humidity, triggering a positive feedback to amplify the haze severity at the ground level. Model sensitivity study illustrates the importance of black carbon (BC) in the haze-PBL interaction and the aerosol regional climatic effect, contributing to more than 30 % of the PBL collapse and about half of the positive radiative forcing on the top of the atmosphere. Overall, severe regional haze exhibits strong negative radiative forcing (cooling) of -63 to -88 W m(-2) at the surface and strong positive radiative forcing (warming) of 57 to 82 W m(-2) in the atmosphere, with a slightly negative net radiative forcing of about -6 W m(-2) on the top of the atmosphere. Our work establishes a synthetic view for the dominant regional features during severe haze events, unraveling rapid in situ PM production and inefficient transport, both of which are amplified by atmospheric stagnation. On the other hand, regional transport sufficiently disperses gaseous aerosol precursors (e.g., sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and ammonia) during the clean period, which subsequently result in rapid in situ PM production via photochemistry during the transition period and via multiphase chemistry during the polluted period. Our findings highlight the co-benefits for reduction in BC emissions, which not only improve local and regional air quality by minimizing air stagnation but also mitigate the global warming by alleviating the positive direct radiative forcing.
学科领域	Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000782409100001
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/273587
作者单位	Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; California Institute of Technology; Colorado State University; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Peking University; University of Connecticut; Lanzhou University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Guangdong University of Technology; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lin, Yun,Wang, Yuan,Pan, Bowen,et al. Formation, radiative forcing, and climatic effects of severe regional haze[J],2022,22(7):17.
APA	Lin, Yun.,Wang, Yuan.,Pan, Bowen.,Hu, Jiaxi.,Guo, Song.,...&Zhang, Renyi.(2022).Formation, radiative forcing, and climatic effects of severe regional haze.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,22(7),17.
MLA	Lin, Yun,et al."Formation, radiative forcing, and climatic effects of severe regional haze".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 22.7(2022):17.