气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Swiss halocarbon emissions for 2019 to 2020 assessed from regional atmospheric observations

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DOI	10.5194/acp-22-2447-2022
	Swiss halocarbon emissions for 2019 to 2020 assessed from regional atmospheric observations
	Rust, Dominique; Katharopoulos, Ioannis; Vollmer, Martin K.; Henne, Stephan; O'Doherty, Simon; Say, Daniel; Emmenegger, Lukas; Zenobi, Renato; Reimann, Stefan
发表日期	2022
ISSN	1680-7316
EISSN	1680-7324
起始页码	2447
结束页码	2466
卷号	22 期号:4 页码:20
英文摘要	Halocarbons contribute to global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion. They are emitted to the atmosphere by various anthropogenic activities. To determine Swiss national halocarbon emissions, we applied top-down methods, which rely on atmospheric concentration observations sensitive to the targeted emissions. We present 12 months (September 2019 to August 2020) of continuous atmospheric observations of 28 halocarbons from a measurement campaign at the Beromunster tall tower in Switzerland. The site is sensitive to the Swiss Plateau, which is the most densely populated area of Switzerland. Therefore, the measurements are well suited to derive Swiss halocarbon emissions. Emissions were calculated by two different top-down methods, i.e. a tracer ratio method (TRM), with carbon monoxide (CO) as the independent tracer, and a Bayesian inversion (BI), based on atmospheric transport simulations using FLEXPART-COSMO. The results were compared to previously reported top-down emission estimates, based on measurements at the high-Alpine site of Jungfraujoch, and to the bottom-up Swiss national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory, as annually reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). We observed moderately elevated concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), both banned from production and consumption in Europe. The corresponding emissions are likely related to the ongoing outgassing from older foams and refrigerators and confirm the widespread historical use of these substances. For the major hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), HFC-125 (CHF2CF3) and HFC-32 (CH2F2), our calculated emissions of 100 +/- 34 and 45 +/- 14 Mgyr(-1) are in good agreement with the numbers reported in the Swiss inventory, whereas, for HFC-134a (CH2FCF3), our result of 280 +/- 89 Mgyr(-1) is more than 30 % lower than the Swiss inventory. For HFC-152a (CH3CHF2), our top-down result of 21 +/- 5 Mgyr(-1) is significantly higher than the number reported in the Swiss inventory. For the other investigated HFCs, perfluorocarbons (PFCs), SF6 and NF3, Swiss emissions were small and in agreement with the inventory. Finally, we present the first country-based emission estimates for three recently phased-in, unregulated hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), HFO-1234yf (CF3CF=CH2), HFO-1234ze(E) ((E)-CF3CH=CHF), and HCFO-1233zd(E) ((E)-CF3CH=CHCl). For these three HFOs, we calculated Swiss emissions of 15 +/- 4, 34 +/- 14, and 7 +/- 1 Mgyr(-1), respectively.
学科领域	Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000762532100001
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/273238
作者单位	Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology (EMPA); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Bristol
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rust, Dominique,Katharopoulos, Ioannis,Vollmer, Martin K.,et al. Swiss halocarbon emissions for 2019 to 2020 assessed from regional atmospheric observations[J],2022,22(4):20.
APA	Rust, Dominique.,Katharopoulos, Ioannis.,Vollmer, Martin K..,Henne, Stephan.,O'Doherty, Simon.,...&Reimann, Stefan.(2022).Swiss halocarbon emissions for 2019 to 2020 assessed from regional atmospheric observations.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,22(4),20.
MLA	Rust, Dominique,et al."Swiss halocarbon emissions for 2019 to 2020 assessed from regional atmospheric observations".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 22.4(2022):20.