气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated, nitrated and oxygenated derivatives in the atmosphere over the Mediterranean and Middle East seas

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DOI	10.5194/acp-22-8739-2022
	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated, nitrated and oxygenated derivatives in the atmosphere over the Mediterranean and Middle East seas
	Wietzoreck, Marco; Kyprianou, Marios; Musa Bandowe, Benjamin A.; Celik, Siddika; Crowley, John N.; Drewnick, Frank; Eger, Philipp; Friedrich, Nils; Iakovides, Minas; Kukucka, Petr; Kuta, Jan; Nezikova, Barbora; Pokorna, Petra; Pribylova, Petra; Prokes, Roman; Rohloff, Roland; Tadic, Ivan; Tauer, Sebastian; Wilson, Jake; Harder, Hartwig; Lelieveld, Jos; Poeschl, Ulrich; Stephanou, Euripides G.; Lammel, Gerhard
发表日期	2022
ISSN	1680-7316
EISSN	1680-7324
起始页码	8739
结束页码	8766
卷号	22 期号:13 页码:28
英文摘要	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated (RPAHs), nitrated (NPAHs) and oxygenated (OPAHs) derivatives are air pollutants. Many of these substances are long-lived, can undergo longrange atmospheric transport and adversely affect human health upon exposure. However, the occurrence and fate of these air pollutants have hardly been studied in the marine atmosphere. In this study, we report the atmospheric concentrations over the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Gulf, determined during the AQABA (Air Quality and Climate Change in the Arabian Basin) project, a comprehensive ship-borne campaign in summer 2017. The average concentrations of Sigma(26) PAHs, Sigma(19)RPAHs, Sigma(11)OPAHs and Sigma(17)NPAHs, in the gas and particulate phases, were 2.99 +/- 3.35 ng m(-3), 0.83 +/- 0.87 ng m(-3), 0.24 +/- 0.25 ng m(-3)and 4.34 +/- 7.37 pg m(-3), respectively. The Arabian Sea region was the cleanest for all substance classes, with concentrations among the lowest ever reported. Over the Mediterranean Sea, we found the highest average burden of Sigma(26)PAHs and Sigma(11)OPAHs, while the Sigma(17)NPAHs were most abundant over the Arabian Gulf (known also as the Persian Gulf). 1,4-Naphthoquinone (1,4-O(2)NAP) followed by 9-fluorenone and 9,10-anthraquinone were the most abundant studied OPAHs in most samples. The NPAH composition pattern varied significantly across the regions, with 2-nitronaphthalene (2-NNAP) being the most abundant NPAH. According to source apportionment investigations, the main sources of PAH derivatives in the region were ship exhaust emissions, residual oil combustion and continental pollution. All OPAHs and NPAHs except 2-nitrofluoranthene (2-NFLT), which were frequently detected during the campaign, showed elevated concentrations in fresh shipping emissions. In contrast, 2-NFLT and 2-nitropyrene (2-NPYR) were highly abundant in aged shipping emissions due to secondary formation. Apart from 2-NFLT and 2-NPYR, benz(a)anthracene-7,12-dione and 2-NNAP also had significant photochemical sources. Another finding was that the highest concentrations of PAHs, OPAHs and NPAHs were found in the sub-micrometre fraction of particulate matter (PM1).
学科领域	Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000824841700001
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/273110
作者单位	Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Masaryk University Brno; Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Czech Academy of Sciences; Global Change Research Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of Crete
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wietzoreck, Marco,Kyprianou, Marios,Musa Bandowe, Benjamin A.,et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated, nitrated and oxygenated derivatives in the atmosphere over the Mediterranean and Middle East seas[J],2022,22(13):28.
APA	Wietzoreck, Marco.,Kyprianou, Marios.,Musa Bandowe, Benjamin A..,Celik, Siddika.,Crowley, John N..,...&Lammel, Gerhard.(2022).Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated, nitrated and oxygenated derivatives in the atmosphere over the Mediterranean and Middle East seas.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,22(13),28.
MLA	Wietzoreck, Marco,et al."Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated, nitrated and oxygenated derivatives in the atmosphere over the Mediterranean and Middle East seas".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 22.13(2022):28.