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DOI	10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.04.049
	Measuring flow velocity under straw mulch using the improved electrolyte tracer method
	Rahma, Abbas E.; Lei, Tingwu; Shi, Xiaonan; Dong, Yuequn; Zhou, Shumei; Zhao, Jun
通讯作者	Lei, TW (通讯作者)
发表日期	2013
ISSN	0022-1694
起始页码	121
结束页码	125
卷号	495
英文摘要	Most conventional methods cannot measure flow velocities under a canopy without disturbing it. Use of mulch that reduces runoff and soil losses is a common land management practice. It is useful to study flow velocity beneath the mulch canopy to understand the processes involved. An improved method to measure flow velocity that uses an electrolyte tracer was proposed by Lei et al. (2010, J. Hydrology 390, 45-56). This study was designed to illustrate the application of that method by measuring flow velocity under wheat straw mulch. Tap water at flow rates of 2, 4 or 8 L min(-1) entered the upper end of flumes (1 m long, 0.25 m wide) set at three slope gradients (5 degrees, 10 degrees or 15 degrees), which contained soil with or without a mulch cover (0.4 kg m(-2)). Flow velocity was measured at three different distances from the electrolyte injector. The results obtained were qualitatively as expected. In all cases, the mean flow velocity was significantly lower under the mulch than over the bare soil. The flow velocity over the bare soil was found to be on average 23% higher than that under the mulch regardless of the slope gradient or the flow rate. However, flow velocity was significantly affected by the slope gradient and flow rate. The diameter of the sensors (about 4 mm) meant that flow velocity could be measured with minimal disturbance of the mulch, thereby reducing edge effects that can affect the water flow. Therefore, the improved electrolyte tracer method was found to be suitable for conditions where overland flow cannot be observed directly. Thus, the method can be applied in the field to study flow velocity distributions under canopies. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词	SHALLOW-WATER FLOW BUOYANT FLUORESCENT PARTICLES OVERLAND-FLOW SOIL-EROSION ROUGHNESS
英文关键词	Wheat straw mulch; Shallow overland flow; Flow rate; Slope gradient; Electrical conductivity sensors
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Engineering ; Geology ; Water Resources
WOS类目	Engineering, Civil ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Water Resources
WOS记录号	WOS:000321404400010
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
来源机构	中国科学院青藏高原研究所
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/258195
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rahma, Abbas E.,Lei, Tingwu,Shi, Xiaonan,et al. Measuring flow velocity under straw mulch using the improved electrolyte tracer method[J]. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所,2013,495.
APA	Rahma, Abbas E.,Lei, Tingwu,Shi, Xiaonan,Dong, Yuequn,Zhou, Shumei,&Zhao, Jun.(2013).Measuring flow velocity under straw mulch using the improved electrolyte tracer method.JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY,495.
MLA	Rahma, Abbas E.,et al."Measuring flow velocity under straw mulch using the improved electrolyte tracer method".JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY 495(2013).