气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Multiple stages of evolutionary change in anthrax toxin receptor expression in humans

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DOI	10.1038/s41467-021-26854-z
	Multiple stages of evolutionary change in anthrax toxin receptor expression in humans
	Choate L.A.; Barshad G.; McMahon P.W.; Said I.; Rice E.J.; Munn P.R.; Lewis J.J.; Danko C.G.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	2041-1723
卷号	12 期号:1
英文摘要	The advent of animal husbandry and hunting increased human exposure to zoonotic pathogens. To understand how a zoonotic disease may have influenced human evolution, we study changes in human expression of anthrax toxin receptor 2 (ANTXR2), which encodes a cell surface protein necessary for Bacillus anthracis virulence toxins to cause anthrax disease. In immune cells, ANTXR2 is 8-fold down-regulated in all available human samples compared to non-human primates, indicating regulatory changes early in the evolution of modern humans. We also observe multiple genetic signatures consistent with recent positive selection driving a European-specific decrease in ANTXR2 expression in multiple tissues affected by anthrax toxins. Our observations fit a model in which humans adapted to anthrax disease following early ecological changes associated with hunting and scavenging, as well as a second period of adaptation after the rise of modern agriculture. © 2021, The Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	animal husbandry; evolutionary theory; gene expression; toxin; Bacillus anthracis; anthrax toxin; anthrax toxin receptors; ANTXR2 protein, human; bacterial antigen; bacterial toxin; membrane protein; receptor; animal; Bacillus anthracis; cell line; down regulation; gene expression regulation; genetics; human; K-562 cell line; metabolism; molecular evolution; virulence; zoonosis; Animals; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacillus anthracis; Bacterial Toxins; Cell Line; Down-Regulation; Evolution, Molecular; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hunting; K562 Cells; Membrane Proteins; Receptors, Peptide; Virulence; Zoonoses
来源期刊	Nature Communications
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/251305
作者单位	Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Choate L.A.,Barshad G.,McMahon P.W.,et al. Multiple stages of evolutionary change in anthrax toxin receptor expression in humans[J],2021,12(1).
APA	Choate L.A..,Barshad G..,McMahon P.W..,Said I..,Rice E.J..,...&Danko C.G..(2021).Multiple stages of evolutionary change in anthrax toxin receptor expression in humans.Nature Communications,12(1).
MLA	Choate L.A.,et al."Multiple stages of evolutionary change in anthrax toxin receptor expression in humans".Nature Communications 12.1(2021).