气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: A history of change

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118277
	Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: A history of change
	Burns D.A.; Bhatt G.; Linker L.C.; Bash J.O.; Capel P.D.; Shenk G.W.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	251
英文摘要	The Chesapeake Bay watershed has been the focus of pioneering studies of the role of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition as a nutrient source and driver of estuarine trophic status. Here, we review the history and evolution of scientific investigations of the role of atmospheric N deposition, examine trends from wet and dry deposition networks, and present century-long (1950–2050) atmospheric N deposition estimates. Early investigations demonstrated the importance of atmospheric deposition as an N source to the Bay, providing 25%–40% among all major N sources. These early studies led to the unprecedented inclusion of targeted decreases in atmospheric N deposition as part of the multi-stakeholder effort to reduce N loads to the Bay. Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and deposition of wet nitrate, oxidized dry N, and dry ammonium (NH4+) sharply and synchronously declined by 60%–73% during 1995–2019. These decreases largely resulted from implementation of Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, which began in 1995. Wet NH4+ deposition shows no significant trend during this period. The century-long atmospheric N deposition estimates indicate an increase in total atmospheric N deposition in the Chesapeake watershed from 1950 to a peak of ~15 kg N/ha/yr in 1979, trailed by a slight decline of <10% through the mid-1990s, and followed by a sharp decline of about 40% thereafter through 2019. An additional 21% decline in atmospheric N deposition is projected from 2015 to 2050. A comparison of the Potomac River and James River watersheds indicates higher atmospheric N deposition in the Potomac, likely resulting from greater emissions from higher proportions of agricultural and urban land in this basin. Atmospheric N deposition rose from 30% among all N sources to the Chesapeake Bay watershed in 1950 to a peak of 40% in 1973, and a decline to 28% by 2015. These data highlight the important role of atmospheric N deposition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and present a potential opportunity for decreases in deposition to contribute to further reducing N loads and improving the trophic status of tidal waters. © 2021
关键词	Atmospheric deposition Chesapeake Bay Nitrogen Trends
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Agricultural robots; Barium compounds; Meteorological problems; Nitrogen oxides; Watersheds; Atmospheric depositions; Atmospheric nitrogen; Atmospheric nitrogen deposition; Chesapeake Bay watershed; Clean air act amendments; Multi-stakeholder; Nutrient sources; Scientific investigation; Forestry; nitrate; nitrogen; nitrogen oxide; atmospheric deposition; atmospheric gas; dry deposition; nitrogen oxides; stakeholder; trophic status; watershed; act; Article; atmospheric deposition; bay; comparative study; dry deposition; nitrogen deposition; priority journal; river; trophic level; watershed; Chesapeake Bay; James River [Virginia]; Potomac River; United States
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/248528
作者单位	U.S. Geological Survey, Troy, NY, United States; Pennsylvania State University, Annapolis, MD, United States; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, MD, United States; National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle ParkNC, United States; Department of Civil, Environmental and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, Annapolis, MD, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Burns D.A.,Bhatt G.,Linker L.C.,et al. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: A history of change[J],2021,251.
APA	Burns D.A.,Bhatt G.,Linker L.C.,Bash J.O.,Capel P.D.,&Shenk G.W..(2021).Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: A history of change.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,251.
MLA	Burns D.A.,et al."Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: A history of change".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 251(2021).