气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Clean air in cities: Impact of the layout of buildings in urban areas on pedestrian exposure to ultrafine particles from traffic

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118267
	Clean air in cities: Impact of the layout of buildings in urban areas on pedestrian exposure to ultrafine particles from traffic
	Zhu L.; Ranasinghe D.; Chamecki M.; Brown M.J.; Paulson S.E.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	252
英文摘要	Traffic-related pollutant concentrations are typically much higher in near-roadway microenvironments, and pedestrian and resident exposures to air pollutants can be substantially increased by the short periods of time spent on and near roadways. The design of the built environment plays a critical role in the dispersion of pollutants at street level; after normalizing for traffic, differences of a factor of ~5 have been observed between urban neighborhoods with different built environment characteristics. We examined the effects of different built environment designs on the concentrations of street-level ultrafine particles (UFP) at the scale of several blocks using the Quick Urban and Industrial Complex (QUIC) numerical modeling system. The model was capable of reasonably reproducing the complex ensemble mean 3D air flow patterns and pollutant concentrations in urban areas at fine spatial scale. We evaluated the effects of several built environment designs, changing building heights and spacing while holding total built environment volumes constant. We found that ground-level open space reduces street-level pollutant concentrations. Holding volume/surface area constant, tall buildings clustered together with larger open spaces between buildings resulted in substantially lower pollutant concentrations than buildings in rows. Buildings arranged on a ‘checkerboard’ grid with smaller contiguous open spaces, a configuration with some open space on one of the sides of the roadway at all locations, resulted in the lowest average concentrations for almost all wind directions. Rows usually prohibit mixing for perpendicular and oblique wind directions, even when there are large spaces between them, and clustered buildings have some areas where buildings border both sides of the roadways, inhibiting mixing. The model results suggest that pollutant concentrations drop off rapidly with height in the first 10 m or so above the roadways. In addition, the simulated vertical concentration profiles show a moderate elevated peak at the roof levels of the shorter buildings within the area. Model limitations and suggestions both for urban design are both discussed. © 2021 The Author(s)
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Architectural design; Structural design; Tall buildings; Built environment; Clean air; Environment design; Pedestrian exposure; Pollutant concentration; Space between; Traffic-related pollutants; Ultrafine particle; Urban areas; Wind directions; Mixing; airflow; building; complexity; concentration (composition); design; dispersion; neighborhood; numerical model; open space; particle size; pedestrian; urban area; urban design; airflow; article; built environment; city; highway; human; pedestrian; simulation; ultrafine particulate matter; urban area
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/248519
作者单位	School of Atmospheric Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519082, China; Now at California Department of Pesticide Regulation, Sacramento, CA 95812, United States; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhu L.,Ranasinghe D.,Chamecki M.,et al. Clean air in cities: Impact of the layout of buildings in urban areas on pedestrian exposure to ultrafine particles from traffic[J],2021,252.
APA	Zhu L.,Ranasinghe D.,Chamecki M.,Brown M.J.,&Paulson S.E..(2021).Clean air in cities: Impact of the layout of buildings in urban areas on pedestrian exposure to ultrafine particles from traffic.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,252.
MLA	Zhu L.,et al."Clean air in cities: Impact of the layout of buildings in urban areas on pedestrian exposure to ultrafine particles from traffic".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 252(2021).