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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118843
	Sources and fluxes of rare earth elements in wet deposition at a Chinese coastal city downstream of the Asian continental outflow
	Guan W.; He H.; Zhang J.
发表日期	2022
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	269
英文摘要	Atmospheric deposition is an important source of dissolved rare earth elements (REEs) to the oceans, but the flux estimating from various sources of REEs in atmospheric wet deposition (AWD) have received little attention to date. To quantify the contributions of the fluxes of REEs in AWD, 38 wet deposition samples were collected for a year in Qingdao, China, a coastal city on the transport path of the continental aerosols heading toward the Pacific Ocean as they are carried on the westerlies. According to the results from Post-Archean Australian Sedimentary rock (PAAS) normalization, REEs in wet deposition showed four types of patterns during observation. Types A (47% of a total of 38 AWD samples) and B (34%) were the main REE patterns, showing a convex-up pattern and Heavy REE enrichment, respectively. Both Types C and D were characterized by higher Light REE with significant La anomalies, while Type C tended to be relatively flat and Type D transitioned downward from Tb to Lu. Meanwhile, the optimum multiparameter method was used to quantify the contribution from each source. Consequently, loess-dust (46% ± 19%) and coal fly ash (38% ± 17%) were the main contributors in Type A, while loess-dust (45% ± 15%) and sea salt (44% ± 14%) account for high proportions in Type B. Fluidized-bed catalytic cracking contributes extra La in types C and D. Annual total REE flux was 55.3 μg m−2 y−1, of which loess-dust contributed 63%, coal fly ash 20%, sea salt 13%, and the catalyst of fluidized-bed catalytic cracking 5% of annual La deposition flux. Furthermore, since aerosols can be transported over long distances, human activities could significantly increase the input fluxes of REEs to the ocean's surface, especially for Middle REE and La. © 2021
关键词	Fluxes Rare-earth elements Source quantification Wet deposition
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Fly ash; Meteorological problems; Oceanography; Rare earth elements; Rare earths; Sediments; Atmospheric depositions; Atmospheric wet deposition; Coal fly ash; Coastal cities; Continental outflow; Down-stream; Fluidized-bed catalytic crackings; Sea salts; Source quantification; Wet deposition; Deposition; lanthanide; neodymium; sodium chloride; catalysis; catalyst; fly ash; outflow; rare earth element; sea salt; wet deposition; aerosol; Article; catalyst; China; fly ash; loess; quantitative analysis; sea; wet deposition; China; Pacific Ocean; Qingdao; Shandong
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/248114
作者单位	Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Faculty of Science, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama, 9308555, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Guan W.,He H.,Zhang J.. Sources and fluxes of rare earth elements in wet deposition at a Chinese coastal city downstream of the Asian continental outflow[J],2022,269.
APA	Guan W.,He H.,&Zhang J..(2022).Sources and fluxes of rare earth elements in wet deposition at a Chinese coastal city downstream of the Asian continental outflow.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,269.
MLA	Guan W.,et al."Sources and fluxes of rare earth elements in wet deposition at a Chinese coastal city downstream of the Asian continental outflow".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 269(2022).