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DOI	10.5194/acp-21-14851-2021
	Sources of black carbon at residential and traffic environments obtained by two source apportionment methods
	Saarikoski S.; Niemi J.V.; Aurela M.; Pirjola L.; Kousa A.; Rönkkö T.; Timonen H.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	14851
结束页码	14869
卷号	21 期号:19
英文摘要	This study investigated the sources of black carbon (BC) at two contrasting urban environments in Helsinki, Finland: residential area and street canyon. The measurement campaign in the residential area was conducted in winter-spring 2019, whereas in the street canyon the measurements were carried out in autumn 2015. The sources of BC were explored by using positive matrix factorization (PMF) for the organic and refractory black carbon (rBC) mass spectra collected with a soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS). Based on the PMF analysis, two sites had different local BC sources; the largest fraction of BC originated from biomass burning at the residential site (38%) and from the vehicular emissions in the street canyon (57%). Also, the mass size distribution of BC diverged at the sites as BC from traffic was found at the particle size of 1/4100-150nm whereas BC from biomass combustion was detected at 1/4300nm. At both sites, a large fraction of BC was associated with urban background or long-range-transported BC indicated by the high oxidation state of organics related to those PMF factors. The results from the PMF analysis were compared with the source apportionment from the Aethalometer model calculated with two pairs of absorption Ångström values. It was found that several PMF factors can be attributed to wood combustion and fossil fuel fraction of BC provided by the Aethalometer model. In general, the Aethalometer model showed less variation between the sources within a day than PMF, indicating that it was less responsive to the fast changes in the BC sources at the site, or it could not distinguish between as many sources as PMF due to the similar optical properties of the BC sources. The results of this study increase understanding of the limitations and validity of the BC source apportionment methods in different environments. Moreover, this study advances the current knowledge of BC sources and especially the contribution of residential combustion in urban areas. © Copyright:
语种	英语
scopus关键词	biomass burning; black carbon; matrix; organic carbon; size distribution; source apportionment; street canyon; traffic emission; urban atmosphere; Finland; Helsinki; Varsinais-Suomi
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/246531
作者单位	Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, 00101, Finland; Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority (HSY), Helsinki, 00066, Finland; Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland; Department of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Vantaa, 01600, Finland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Saarikoski S.,Niemi J.V.,Aurela M.,et al. Sources of black carbon at residential and traffic environments obtained by two source apportionment methods[J],2021,21(19).
APA	Saarikoski S..,Niemi J.V..,Aurela M..,Pirjola L..,Kousa A..,...&Timonen H..(2021).Sources of black carbon at residential and traffic environments obtained by two source apportionment methods.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,21(19).
MLA	Saarikoski S.,et al."Sources of black carbon at residential and traffic environments obtained by two source apportionment methods".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 21.19(2021).