气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean

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DOI	10.1126/science.1255641
	Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean
	McCauley D.J.; Pinsky M.L.; Palumbi S.R.; Estes J.A.; Joyce F.H.; Warner R.R.
发表日期	2015
ISSN	0036-8075
卷号	347 期号:6219
英文摘要	Marine defaunation, or human-caused animal loss in the oceans, emerged forcefully only hundreds of years ago, whereas terrestrial defaunation has been occurring far longer. Though humans have caused few global marine extinctions, we have profoundly affected marine wildlife, altering the functioning and provisioning of services in every ocean. Current ocean trends, coupled with terrestrial defaunation lessons, suggest that marine defaunation rates will rapidly intensify as human use of the oceans industrializes. Though protected areas are a powerful tool to harness ocean productivity, especially when designed with future climate in mind, additional management strategies will be required. Overall, habitat degradation is likely to intensify as a major driver of marine wildlife loss. Proactive intervention can avert a marine defaunation disaster of the magnitude observed on land. © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	animal; anthropogenic effect; global ocean; habitat conservation; habitat fragmentation; protected area; wildfire; acidification; agricultural procedures; anchovy; aquatic fauna; baleen whale; bleaching; climate change; coastal waters; coral bleaching; coral reef; degradation; food web; genetic variability; gray whale; habitat; habitat degradation; human; krill; marine defaunation; marine environment; marine species; Mustelidae; nonhuman; ocean acidification; otter; pelagic fish; pisciculture; Pleistocene; priority journal; Review; sardine; sea; sea pollution; sea turtle; seabird; seal; shark; shorebird; species extinction; terrestrial species; trophic cascade; warming; whale; wildlife; animal; aquatic species; biodiversity; ecosystem; endangered species; human activities; population dynamics; sea; species extinction; wild animal; Animalia; sea water; Animals; Animals, Wild; Aquatic Organisms; Biodiversity; Climate Change; Ecosystem; Endangered Species; Extinction, Biological; Human Activities; Humans; Oceans and Seas; Population Dynamics; Seawater
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/244696
作者单位	Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, United States; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	McCauley D.J.,Pinsky M.L.,Palumbi S.R.,et al. Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean[J],2015,347(6219).
APA	McCauley D.J.,Pinsky M.L.,Palumbi S.R.,Estes J.A.,Joyce F.H.,&Warner R.R..(2015).Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean.Science,347(6219).
MLA	McCauley D.J.,et al."Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean".Science 347.6219(2015).