气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols

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DOI	10.1126/science.255.5043.423
	Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols
	Charlson R.J.; Schwartz S.E.; Hales J.M.; Cess R.D.; Coakley Jr. J.A.; Hansen J.E.; Hofmann D.J.
发表日期	1992
ISSN	0036-8075
起始页码	423
结束页码	430
卷号	255 期号:5043
英文摘要	Although long considered to be of marginal importance to global climate change, tropospheric aerosol contributes substantially to radiative forcing, and anthropogenic sulfate aerosol in particular has imposed a major perturbation to this forcing. Both the direct scattering of shortwavelength solar radiation and the modification of the shortwave reflective properties of clouds by sulfate aerosol particles increase planetary albedo, thereby exerting a cooling influence on the planet. Current climate forcing due to anthropogenic sulfate is estimated to be -1 to -2 watts per square meter, globally averaged. This perturbation is comparable in magnitude to current anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing but opposite in sign. Thus, the aerosol forcing has likely offset global greenhouse warming to a substantial degree. However, differences in geographical and seasonal distributions of these forcings preclude any simple compensation. Aerosol effects must be taken into account in evaluating anthropogenic influences on past, current, and projected future climate and in formulating policy regarding controls on emission of greenhouse gases and sulfur dioxide. Resolution of such policy issues requires integrated research on the magnitude and geographical distribution of aerosol climate forcing and on the controlling chemical and physical processes.
英文关键词	aerosol; albedo; anthropogenic aerosol; climate forcing; sulphate aerosol
语种	英语
来源期刊	Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/243279
作者单位	Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States; Environmental Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States; Atmospheric Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Institute for Terrestrial and Planetary Atmospheres, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2300, United States; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-2209, United States; Goddard Institute for Space Studies, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, United States; Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303-3328, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Charlson R.J.,Schwartz S.E.,Hales J.M.,et al. Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols[J],1992,255(5043).
APA	Charlson R.J..,Schwartz S.E..,Hales J.M..,Cess R.D..,Coakley Jr. J.A..,...&Hofmann D.J..(1992).Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols.Science,255(5043).
MLA	Charlson R.J.,et al."Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols".Science 255.5043(1992).