气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Historic and bioarchaeological evidence supports late onset of post-Columbian epidemics in Native California

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2024802118
	Historic and bioarchaeological evidence supports late onset of post-Columbian epidemics in Native California
	Jones T.L.; Schwitalla A.W.; Pilloud M.A.; Johnson J.R.; Paine R.R.; Codding B.F.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:28
英文摘要	Catastrophic decline of Indigenous populations in the Americas following European contact is one of the most severe demographic events in the history of humanity, but uncertainty persists about the timing and scale of the collapse, which has implications for not only Indigenous history but also the understanding of historical ecology. A long-standing hypothesis that a continent-wide pandemic broke out immediately upon the arrival of Spanish seafarers has been challenged in recent years by a model of regional epidemics erupting asynchronously, causing different rates of population decline in different areas. Some researchers have suggested that, in California, significant depopulation occurred during the first two centuries of the post-Columbus era, which led to a “rebound” in native flora and fauna by the time of sustained European contact after 1769. Here, we combine a comprehensive prehistoric osteological dataset (n = 10,256 individuals) with historic mission mortuary records (n = 23,459 individuals) that together span from 3050 cal BC to AD 1870 to systematically evaluate changes in mortality over time by constructing life tables and conducting survival analysis of age-at-death records. Results show that a dramatic shift in the shape of mortality risk consistent with a plague-like population structure began only after sustained contact with European invaders, when permanent Spanish settlements and missions were established ca. AD 1770. These declines reflect the syndemic effects of newly introduced diseases and the severe cultural disruption of Indigenous lifeways by the Spanish colonial system. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Epidemics; Indigenous California; Paleodemography
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238690
作者单位	Department of Social Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0329, United States; Millennia Archaeological Consulting, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States; Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States; Department of Anthropology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, United States; Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Jones T.L.,Schwitalla A.W.,Pilloud M.A.,et al. Historic and bioarchaeological evidence supports late onset of post-Columbian epidemics in Native California[J],2021,118(28).
APA	Jones T.L.,Schwitalla A.W.,Pilloud M.A.,Johnson J.R.,Paine R.R.,&Codding B.F..(2021).Historic and bioarchaeological evidence supports late onset of post-Columbian epidemics in Native California.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(28).
MLA	Jones T.L.,et al."Historic and bioarchaeological evidence supports late onset of post-Columbian epidemics in Native California".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.28(2021).