气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Mapping pollution exposure and chemistry during an extreme air quality event (the 2018 K-ılauea eruption) using a low-cost sensor network

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2025540118
	Mapping pollution exposure and chemistry during an extreme air quality event (the 2018 K-ılauea eruption) using a low-cost sensor network
	Crawford B.; Hagan D.H.; Grossman I.; Cole E.; Holland L.; Heald C.L.; Kroll J.H.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:27
英文摘要	Extreme air quality episodes represent a major threat to human health worldwide but are highly dynamic and exceedingly challenging to monitor. The 2018 K-ılauea Lower East Rift Zone eruption (May to August 2018) blanketed much of Hawai'i Island in “vog” (volcanic smog), a mixture of primary volcanic sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas and secondary particulate matter (PM). This episode was captured by several monitoring platforms, including a low-cost sensor (LCS) network consisting of 30 nodes designed and deployed specifically to monitor PM and SO2 during the event. Downwind of the eruption, network stations measured peak hourly PM2.5 and SO2 concentrations that exceeded 75 μg m−3 and 1,200 parts per billion (ppb), respectively. The LCS network's high spatial density enabled highly granular estimates of human exposure to both pollutants during the eruption, which was not possible using preexisting air quality measurements. Because of overlaps in population distribution and plume dynamics, a much larger proportion of the island's population was exposed to elevated levels of fine PM than to SO2. Additionally, the spatially distributed network was able to resolve the volcanic plume's chemical evolution downwind of the eruption. Measurements find a mean SO2 conversion time of ∼36 h, demonstrating the ability of distributed LCS networks to observe reaction kinetics and quantify chemical transformations of air pollutants in a real-world setting. This work also highlights the utility of LCS networks for emergency response during extreme episodes to complement existing air quality monitoring approaches. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Air quality; Low-cost sensors; Volcanoes
语种	英语
scopus关键词	sulfur dioxide; air monitoring; air pollutant; Article; calibration; chemical reaction kinetics; chemistry; concentration (parameter); controlled study; data analysis; environmental exposure; human; particulate matter 2.5; plume; population distribution; volcano
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/238495
作者单位	Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; The Kohala Center, Hawai'i Island, Waimea, HI 96743, United States; School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States; Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80204, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Crawford B.,Hagan D.H.,Grossman I.,et al. Mapping pollution exposure and chemistry during an extreme air quality event (the 2018 K-ılauea eruption) using a low-cost sensor network[J],2021,118(27).
APA	Crawford B..,Hagan D.H..,Grossman I..,Cole E..,Holland L..,...&Kroll J.H..(2021).Mapping pollution exposure and chemistry during an extreme air quality event (the 2018 K-ılauea eruption) using a low-cost sensor network.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(27).
MLA	Crawford B.,et al."Mapping pollution exposure and chemistry during an extreme air quality event (the 2018 K-ılauea eruption) using a low-cost sensor network".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.27(2021).