气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Utilitarian benchmarks for emissions and pledges promote equity, climate and development

CCPortal

DOI	10.1038/s41558-021-01130-6
	Utilitarian benchmarks for emissions and pledges promote equity, climate and development
	Budolfson M.B.; Anthoff D.; Dennig F.; Errickson F.; Kuruc K.; Spears D.; Dubash N.K.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1758-678X
起始页码	827
结束页码	833
卷号	11 期号:10
英文摘要	Tools are needed to benchmark carbon emissions and pledges against criteria of equity and fairness. However, standard economic approaches, which use a transparent optimization framework, ignore equity. Models that do include equity benchmarks exist, but often use opaque methodologies. Here we propose a utilitarian benchmark computed in a transparent optimization framework, which could usefully inform the equity benchmark debate. Implementing the utilitarian benchmark, which we see as ethically minimal and conceptually parsimonious, in two leading climate–economy models allows for calculation of the optimal allocation of future emissions. We compare this optimum with historical emissions and initial nationally determined contributions. Compared with cost minimization, utilitarian optimization features better outcomes for human development, equity and the climate. Peak temperature is lower under utilitarianism because it reduces the human development cost of global mitigation. Utilitarianism therefore is a promising inclusion to a set of benchmarks for future explorations of climate equity. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
来源期刊	Nature Climate Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/237227
作者单位	Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, Rutgers School of Public Health, Center for Population-Level Bioethics, and Department of Philosophy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States; Climate Futures Initiative, School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Social Sciences (Economics), Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore; Center for Policy Research on Energy and the Environment, School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Department of Economics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States; Department of Economics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Economics and Planning Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi, India; IZA Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany; Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Budolfson M.B.,Anthoff D.,Dennig F.,et al. Utilitarian benchmarks for emissions and pledges promote equity, climate and development[J],2021,11(10).
APA	Budolfson M.B..,Anthoff D..,Dennig F..,Errickson F..,Kuruc K..,...&Dubash N.K..(2021).Utilitarian benchmarks for emissions and pledges promote equity, climate and development.Nature Climate Change,11(10).
MLA	Budolfson M.B.,et al."Utilitarian benchmarks for emissions and pledges promote equity, climate and development".Nature Climate Change 11.10(2021).