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DOI10.1029/2020JD033898
Perturbing Topography in a Convection-Allowing Ensemble Prediction System for Heavy Rain Forecasts
Li J.; Du J.; Xiong J.; Wang M.
发表日期2021
ISSN2169-897X
卷号126期号:14
英文摘要Four methods to perturb model terrain are demonstrated in a convection-allowing scale (3 km) ensemble prediction system (EPS) for heavy rain forecasts. The impact of methods was examined in terms of ensemble mean, spread-skill relationship and probabilistic forecast. The study was carried out for four major precipitation events. It is found that: (a) using different combinations of topography smoothing and interpolation is a promising way to perturb model topography. Even perturbing the topography alone can greatly improve heavy rain forecasts. The benefit of ensemble forecasts increases with the increase in rainfall amount. (b) Adding random perturbations to model topography is not ideal and could hurt ensemble performance due to a too noisy structure although it increases ensemble spread. Perturbation structure plays a more important role than perturbation size. (c) Using the terrain difference between a higher and lower resolution model to estimate possible errors in model terrain is explored. By adding such terrain differences to the terrain-generating-scheme based perturbation (the control experiment) can not only enlarge perturbation size but also keep a good spatial structure. Such a modified ensemble performed similarly in ensemble mean forecasts but improved the ensemble spread and probabilistic forecast. It is recommended that perturbed model terrain should be included in operational EPSs to improve heavy precipitation forecasts. The simple terrain-generating-scheme based perturbation method, as described in this study, is effective and can be implemented in an existing operational EPS without extra computing cost. © 2021. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词Ensemble prediction system; heavy rain forecasts; topography perturbation
来源期刊Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/237135
作者单位Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Research, Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Wuhan, China; Environmental Modeling Center/NCEP/NWS/NOAA, College Park, MD, United States
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Li J.,Du J.,Xiong J.,et al. Perturbing Topography in a Convection-Allowing Ensemble Prediction System for Heavy Rain Forecasts[J],2021,126(14).
APA Li J.,Du J.,Xiong J.,&Wang M..(2021).Perturbing Topography in a Convection-Allowing Ensemble Prediction System for Heavy Rain Forecasts.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,126(14).
MLA Li J.,et al."Perturbing Topography in a Convection-Allowing Ensemble Prediction System for Heavy Rain Forecasts".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126.14(2021).
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