气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Drainage system organization after mantle plume impingement: The case of the Horn of Africa

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DOI	10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103582
	Drainage system organization after mantle plume impingement: The case of the Horn of Africa
	Sembroni A.; Molin P.; Faccenna C.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0012-8419
卷号	216
英文摘要	Continental areas affected by mantle plume dynamics are characterised by extensive high-elevated regions drained by large radial river networks. Despite successive isostatic adjustments and rifting events, several studies demonstrated that the persistence of these drainage systems for tens of millions of years is possible. In these geodynamic contexts rivers are precious sources of knowledge because, propagating the signals of tectonic and climatic changes across landscape, they shape the topography and allow to recognise the first-order imprint imposed by mantle plume. The Horn of Africa, characterised by the coexistence of a continental rift system, a large igneous province (continental flood basalts), and a wide uplifted plateau, is an ideal test site to investigate the interrelations between surface and deep processes. Studies demonstrated the long-term persistence of some river networks draining the region and the strong influence of dome-like uplift on their evolution. However a regional-scale quantitative river network analysis is missing, as well as, a complete evolutionary scenario of the Horn of Africa drainage system. In this study we quantitatively investigated the topographic configuration of the Horn of Africa and analysed the four principal drainage systems (Blue Nile, Tekeze, Omo, Wabe Shebele basins), extracting the river longitudinal profiles and the main topographic and hydrologic parameters. In order to reconstruct the evolution of the region, we elaborated the pre−/syn- and post-flood basalts topographies and calculated the elevation gain and loss with respect to the present configuration. Finally, we delineated a possible future drainage system evolution by analysing the present drainage divides stability. The results allowed to reconstruct the evolutionary scenario of the Horn of Africa river network since Oligocene and to investigate the mutual influence between surface and deep processes in shaping the landscape, providing new constraints to understand the formation and evolution of a drainage system in a context of a topography supported by a mantle plume. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Drainage divide stability; Drainage systems evolution; Horn of Africa; Mantle plume; Morphometric analysis; Topography
语种	英语
scopus关键词	basin evolution; drainage network; mantle plume; morphometry; quantitative analysis; river basin; stability analysis; topography; Blue Nile Basin; Ethiopia; Horn of Africa; Nile Basin; Omo Basin
来源期刊	EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/209348
作者单位	Dipartimento di Scienze, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy; Department of Geology, Jackson School, University of Texas at Austin, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sembroni A.,Molin P.,Faccenna C.. Drainage system organization after mantle plume impingement: The case of the Horn of Africa[J],2021,216.
APA	Sembroni A.,Molin P.,&Faccenna C..(2021).Drainage system organization after mantle plume impingement: The case of the Horn of Africa.EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS,216.
MLA	Sembroni A.,et al."Drainage system organization after mantle plume impingement: The case of the Horn of Africa".EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS 216(2021).