气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Crustal melting and suprasolidus phase equilibria: From first principles to the state-of-the-art

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DOI	10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103778
	Crustal melting and suprasolidus phase equilibria: From first principles to the state-of-the-art
	Johnson T.; Yakymchuk C.; Brown M.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0012-8270
卷号	221
英文摘要	Partial melting is the fundamental process by which juvenile crust was produced from the mantle and subsequently reworked to become the stable, compositionally-differentiated continents on which we live and which host most of the elemental resources required by our modern technological society. Irreversible differentiation of the continental crust occurs principally through the production, segregation and migration of silica-rich (felsic) melts from deeper source rocks to shallower sinks where they erupt or, more commonly, crystallise as granite sensu lato. Here we provide for both novices and professionals a comprehensive but accessible account of the processes involved in crustal melting and suprasolidus phase equilibria from first principles to the forefront of modern research. To begin, we introduce the tectono-metamorphic context for crustal melting before considering the evidence at outcrop and in thin section for partial melting, then briefly review melt extraction from crustal rocks. As a prerequisite to understanding the physicochemical basis for crustal melting, we summarize the essential thermodynamics that underpin calculated phase equilibria, distinguish different types of melting reaction, and review the requirements for, methodology behind, and limitations of a phase equilibrium modelling approach based on equilibrium thermodynamics. We explain the various types of phase diagram used to investigate partial melting and assess open versus closed system processes, including internal and external buffering of H2O. Those crustal sources that partially melt to produce granite are considered in detail, namely basic rocks such as basalts and gabbros, clastic sedimentary rocks such as greywackes, siltstones and mudstones (pelites), and granites themselves. We concentrate mainly on intracrustal partial melting in convergent-margin settings, and on anatexis during exhumation of deeply-subducted continental crust from mantle depths. We discuss the behaviour of trace elements and accessory minerals during melting, and consider the implications for isotope geochemistry. To close we include a brief summary of some of the important points and offer a few suggestions for future lines of research on crustal melting. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Granite; Melting; Migmatite; Open vs closed systems; P–T–X pseudosections; Suprasolidus phase equilibria; Trace elements and accessory minerals
语种	英语
来源期刊	EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/209199
作者单位	School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, The Institute for Geoscience Research, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Laboratory for Crustal Petrology, Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Johnson T.,Yakymchuk C.,Brown M.. Crustal melting and suprasolidus phase equilibria: From first principles to the state-of-the-art[J],2021,221.
APA	Johnson T.,Yakymchuk C.,&Brown M..(2021).Crustal melting and suprasolidus phase equilibria: From first principles to the state-of-the-art.EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS,221.
MLA	Johnson T.,et al."Crustal melting and suprasolidus phase equilibria: From first principles to the state-of-the-art".EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS 221(2021).