气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Anatomy of a buried thrust belt activated during hydraulic fracturing

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228640
	Anatomy of a buried thrust belt activated during hydraulic fracturing
	Riazi N.; Eaton D.W.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	00401951
卷号	795
英文摘要	Tectonically active fault networks are often inter-connected, but in the case of injection-induced seismicity, prior knowledge of fault architecture tends to be severely limited. In most cases, reactivated faults due to fluid injection are inferred, after-the-fact, by the spatial distribution of induced-seismicity hypocenters; such reliance on post-injection seismicity impedes any pre-operational risk analysis, as well as development of a more holistic understanding of fault-system models. By combining high-resolution, depth-migrated 3-D seismic data with a new focal-depth estimation method that reduces spatial uncertainty of hypocenters, this study pinpoints microearthquake fault activation within a buried thrust belt in the Montney Formation in western Canada (British Columbia). During hydraulic-fracturing operations, rupture nucleation occurred on seismically imaged thrust ramps that cut through the Debolt Formation, a massive carbonate layer that underlies the stimulated zone. High-resolution seismic images reveal transverse structures, interpreted as basement-controlled fold hinges or tear faults that transferred displacement between thrust faults during Late Cretaceous - Paleogene compressional shortening. The spatio-temporal pattern of induced seismicity suggests that these transverse structures provide permeable pathways for aseismic pore-pressure diffusion, thus connecting distinct thrust faults and enabling earthquake triggering on a timescale of days and at distances of up to 2 km from the injection wells. Inferred relationships highlight how the fault system is connected, including apparent stress concentrations at the intersections of transverse structures and orogen-parallel thrust ramps. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
关键词	Earthquake depth Fault imaging Focal Induced seismicity
英文关键词	Earthquakes; Faulting; Fracture; Hydraulic fracturing; Risk analysis; Risk assessment; Seismic waves; Structural geology; Earthquake triggering; Fault activations; Fault architecture; Fracturing operations; High resolution seismic; Pressure diffusion; Spatial uncertainty; Spatiotemporal patterns; Induced Seismicity; active fault; earthquake hypocenter; earthquake trigger; hydraulic fracturing; microearthquake; seismicity; spatial distribution; thrust; British Columbia; Canada
语种	英语
来源期刊	Tectonophysics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/207862
作者单位	Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Riazi N.,Eaton D.W.. Anatomy of a buried thrust belt activated during hydraulic fracturing[J],2020,795.
APA	Riazi N.,&Eaton D.W..(2020).Anatomy of a buried thrust belt activated during hydraulic fracturing.Tectonophysics,795.
MLA	Riazi N.,et al."Anatomy of a buried thrust belt activated during hydraulic fracturing".Tectonophysics 795(2020).