气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes

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DOI	10.1038/s41561-020-0628-8
	Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes
	Barnhart W.D.; Gold R.D.; Hollingsworth J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	17520894
起始页码	699
结束页码	704
卷号	13 期号:10
英文摘要	Earthquakes produce a spectrum of elastic and inelastic deformation processes that are reflected across various length and time scales. While elasticity has long dominated research assumptions in active tectonics, increasing interest has focused on the inelastic characteristics of earthquakes, particularly those of the surface fault rupture zone itself, and how they relate to ground rupture hazard and the mechanics of damage zones. Here we present detailed co-seismic surface-strain analysis of the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquakes. We derive three-dimensional high-resolution surface displacements from satellite optical imagery, which we then invert for the co-seismic surface-strain tensors. We show that fault-zone dilation is pervasive throughout these earthquakes and that inelastic failure is present but relatively localized (median width of 31 m). The width of the inelastic failure zone is not correlated to off-fault deformation, surface geology or displacement magnitude. Instead, the extent and kinematics of inelastic failure reflect active, mylonitic deformation of the fault damage zone that is influenced by rupture velocity and fault maturity. These results highlight how a single earthquake contributes to the long-term, permanent geologic record of faulting. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
英文关键词	coseismic process; deformation mechanism; earthquake damage; earthquake event; earthquake rupture; failure mechanism; fault zone; geological record; satellite imagery; California; United States
语种	英语
来源期刊	Nature Geoscience
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/206744
作者单位	Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Geologic Hazards Center, US Geological Survey, Golden, CO, United States; Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, Grenoble, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Barnhart W.D.,Gold R.D.,Hollingsworth J.. Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes[J],2020,13(10).
APA	Barnhart W.D.,Gold R.D.,&Hollingsworth J..(2020).Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes.Nature Geoscience,13(10).
MLA	Barnhart W.D.,et al."Localized fault-zone dilatancy and surface inelasticity of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes".Nature Geoscience 13.10(2020).