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| DOI | 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102299 |
| Air conditioning and global inequality | |
| Davis L.; Gertler P.; Jarvis S.; Wolfram C. | |
| 发表日期 | 2021 |
| ISSN | 9593780 |
| 卷号 | 69 |
| 英文摘要 | As global temperatures go up and incomes rise, air conditioner sales are poised to increase dramatically. Recent studies explore the potential economic and environmental impacts of this growth, but relatively little attention has been paid to the implications for inequality. In this paper we use household-level microdata from 16 countries to characterize empirically the relationship between climate, income, and residential air conditioning. We show that both current and future air conditioner usage is concentrated among high-income households. Not only do richer countries have much more air conditioning than poorer countries, but within countries adoption is highly concentrated among high-income households. The pattern of adoption is particularly stark in relatively low-income countries such as Pakistan, where we show that the vast majority of adoption between now and 2050 will be concentrated among the upper income tercile. We use our model to forecast future adoption, show how patterns vary across countries and income levels, and discuss what these patterns mean for health, productivity, and educational inequality. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd |
| 关键词 | Air conditioningClimate change adaptationEnergy demandInequality |
| 英文关键词 | air conditioning; air temperature; education; environmental economics; global change; low income housing; public health; Pakistan |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 来源期刊 | Global Environmental Change
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/205493 |
| 作者单位 | University of California, Berkeley and NBER, Berkeley, CA, United States; University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Davis L.,Gertler P.,Jarvis S.,et al. Air conditioning and global inequality[J],2021,69. |
| APA | Davis L.,Gertler P.,Jarvis S.,&Wolfram C..(2021).Air conditioning and global inequality.Global Environmental Change,69. |
| MLA | Davis L.,et al."Air conditioning and global inequality".Global Environmental Change 69(2021). |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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