气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Cycling of biogenic elements drives biogeochemical gold cycling

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DOI	10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.12.010
	Cycling of biogenic elements drives biogeochemical gold cycling
	Sanyal S.K.; Shuster J.; Reith F.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	00128252
起始页码	131
结束页码	147
卷号	190
英文摘要	Microorganisms are key-drivers of carbon-, nitrogen-, sulfur- and metal cycling on Earth. Through their metabolic activities they directly and indirectly link element cycles. This leads to the cycling of elements through the Earth's ecosystems from/to the atmosphere to/from the lithosphere. Gold (Au) is a rare, redox-active, noble transition metal, which is neither essential as a nutrient nor, reputedly, mobile in the environment. Therefore, observations published in recent decades, which have shown that gold is highly mobile and subject to biogeochemical cycling largely driven by microbiota, have surprised many. Questions concerning the fundamental biogeochemical processes mediating gold cycling, the organisms involved and the benefits they may gain have puzzled researchers. In this review we integrate the cycling of the major biogenic elements carbon, nitrogen and sulfur with that of gold. We identify key-processes that drive gold cycling and evaluate how different chemical Au(I/III)-species affect microbiota that form biofilms on gold-bearing minerals and placer gold particles. Additionally, we assess how the cycling of the gold-associated metal(loid)s silver, copper, iron, manganese, mercury and arsenic is linked to that of gold. Microbially produced compounds resulting from carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, iron and manganese cycling (e.g., organic acids, cyanides, (thio)sulfates, ammonium, iron sulfides/oxy-hydroxides and managanese oxides) can each play important roles for the mobilization of gold. Highly toxic, mobile Au(I/III)-complexes affect the phylogenetic and functional composition of microbial communities resident on gold particles. This leads to gold detoxification coupled to active and passive biomineralization, and ultimately the aggregation and (trans)formation of metallic gold particles. The complex interplay between gold, microbiota and physicochemical conditions modified by these organisms (e.g., redox or pH) has throughout the Earth's history led to the aggregation of gold particles (grains to nuggets), led to the formation of the largest known gold deposit (i.e., Witwatersrand paleo-placer), and the largest gold reservoir in seawater. Today it opens up exciting biotechnological pathways for mineral exploration, processing and remediation. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
关键词	Bacteria Biogeochemistry Carbon Element cycles Gold Intercycle coupling Microorganisms Nitrogen Sulfur
英文关键词	bacterium; carbon cycle; coupling; gold; microbial community; nitrogen cycle; sulfur cycle; Bacteria (microorganisms)
语种	英语
来源期刊	Earth Science Reviews
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/203549
作者单位	School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; CSIRO Land and Water, Environmental Contaminant Mitigation and Technologies, PMB2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sanyal S.K.,Shuster J.,Reith F.. Cycling of biogenic elements drives biogeochemical gold cycling[J],2019,190.
APA	Sanyal S.K.,Shuster J.,&Reith F..(2019).Cycling of biogenic elements drives biogeochemical gold cycling.Earth Science Reviews,190.
MLA	Sanyal S.K.,et al."Cycling of biogenic elements drives biogeochemical gold cycling".Earth Science Reviews 190(2019).