气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Effects of Low-Velocity Fault Damage Zones on Long-Term Earthquake Behaviors on Mature Strike-Slip Faults

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DOI	10.1029/2020JB019587
	Effects of Low-Velocity Fault Damage Zones on Long-Term Earthquake Behaviors on Mature Strike-Slip Faults
	Thakur P.; Huang Y.; Kaneko Y.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	21699313
卷号	125 期号:8
英文摘要	Mature strike-slip faults are usually surrounded by a narrow zone of damaged rocks characterized by low seismic wave velocities. Observations of earthquakes along such faults indicate that seismicity is highly concentrated within this fault damage zone. However, the long-term influence of the fault damage zone on complete earthquake cycles, that is, years to centuries, is not well understood. We simulate aseismic slip and dynamic earthquake rupture on a vertical strike-slip fault surrounded by a fault damage zone for a thousand-year timescale using fault zone material properties and geometries motivated by observations along major strike-slip faults. The fault damage zone is approximated asan elastic layer with lower shear wave velocity than the surrounding rock. We find that dynamic wave reflections, whose characteristics are strongly dependent on the width and the rigidity contrast of the fault damage zone, have a prominent effect on the stressing history of the fault. The presence of elastic damage can partially explain the variability in the earthquake sizes and hypocenter locations along a single fault, which vary with fault damage zone depth, width and rigidity contrast from the host rock. The depth extent of the fault damage zone has a pronounced effect on the earthquake hypocenter locations, and shallower fault damage zones favor shallower hypocenters with a bimodal distribution of seismicity along depth. Our findings also suggest significant effects on the hypocenter distribution when the fault damage zone penetrates to the nucleation sites of earthquakes, likely being influenced by both lithological (material) and rheological (frictional) boundaries. © 2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	earthquake cycles; fault mechanics; fault zones; friction; nucleation; numerical simulation
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/187700
作者单位	Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand; Department of Geophysics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Thakur P.,Huang Y.,Kaneko Y.. Effects of Low-Velocity Fault Damage Zones on Long-Term Earthquake Behaviors on Mature Strike-Slip Faults[J],2020,125(8).
APA	Thakur P.,Huang Y.,&Kaneko Y..(2020).Effects of Low-Velocity Fault Damage Zones on Long-Term Earthquake Behaviors on Mature Strike-Slip Faults.Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth,125(8).
MLA	Thakur P.,et al."Effects of Low-Velocity Fault Damage Zones on Long-Term Earthquake Behaviors on Mature Strike-Slip Faults".Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 125.8(2020).