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DOI10.1029/2019JD032273
Lightning Interferometry Uncertainty, Beam Steering Interferometry, and Evidence of Lightning Being Ignited by a Cosmic Ray Shower
Shao X.-M.; Ho C.; Bowers G.; Blaine W.; Dingus B.
发表日期2020
ISSN2169897X
卷号125期号:19
英文摘要We present an uncertainty analysis on correlation-based time delay estimate, the basis for broadband lightning interferometry. A normal interferometry would yield much higher uncertainties than the theoretically predicted lower bound due to finite correlation window lengths. However, if the signals are aligned in time, the uncertainties approach the lower bound and can be used to indicate the interferometric uncertainties. Based on this, we introduce a beam steering interferometry technique. It first estimates a direction centroid for the lightning sources with a normal interferometry and computes the time delays among the signals. It then shifts the raw data with the time delays to align the signals roughly in time and reprocess the aligned signals. It finally pushes the reprocessed results to their correct positions, based on the time delays estimated in the first step. We apply this technique on a fast positive breakdown (FPB) process that started a normal intracloud lightning. The FPB process is shown to have a much more complex structure and development than a normal interferometry would provide. More importantly, from both interferometric and polarization analyses, the FPB appears to be ignited by a cosmic ray shower (CRS). We estimate the radio frequency strength and frequency content related to a presumed CRS in a thunderstorm electric field and find that they are in agreement with the observations. We examine the electric field effect of the CRS front and find that it could raise the field above the threshold for positive breakdown and is capable of igniting the FPB (and the lightning). © 2020. The Authors.
英文关键词fast positive breakdown; interferometry; lightning initiation; uncertainty analysis
语种英语
来源期刊Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/185714
作者单位Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Shao X.-M.,Ho C.,Bowers G.,et al. Lightning Interferometry Uncertainty, Beam Steering Interferometry, and Evidence of Lightning Being Ignited by a Cosmic Ray Shower[J],2020,125(19).
APA Shao X.-M.,Ho C.,Bowers G.,Blaine W.,&Dingus B..(2020).Lightning Interferometry Uncertainty, Beam Steering Interferometry, and Evidence of Lightning Being Ignited by a Cosmic Ray Shower.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,125(19).
MLA Shao X.-M.,et al."Lightning Interferometry Uncertainty, Beam Steering Interferometry, and Evidence of Lightning Being Ignited by a Cosmic Ray Shower".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125.19(2020).
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