气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Revisiting the Surface Energy Imbalance

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DOI	10.1029/2020JD034219
	Revisiting the Surface Energy Imbalance
	Sun J.; Massman W.J.; Banta R.M.; Burns S.P.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	126 期号:11
英文摘要	The traditional surface energy balance (SEB) is investigated by applying the thermal energy balance based on total energy conservation. Based on total energy conservation, the thermal and the kinetic energy balances are connected through non-hydrostatic energy transfer (QNH) as a result of the hydrostatic imbalance caused by potential energy changes from vertical density fluxes in response to mechanical and thermal forcing in the stratified atmosphere. Field observations show that both QNH and the surface energy imbalance (SEI) have the same diurnal variation; both are near zero under neutral conditions and increase with increasing atmospheric unstable stratification. Energy dissipation due to enhanced turbulent kinetic energy from QNH is estimated to be the largest energy consumption for potentially explaining the largest SEI under free convective conditions. The relatively large value of energy dissipation in the atmospheric surface layer is due to its exponential increase toward the surface and its increase with atmospheric instability. The other two energy transfers that are traditionally missed are related to water mass flowing through the open soil and air layers, but are relatively small in comparison with the energy dissipation. The new understanding of the energy transfers provides not only a potential explanation for the temporal and magnitude variations of the SEI but also the explanation for different heat/moisture transferring efficiencies between thermally and mechanically generated turbulent mixing. Understanding the SEB is important not only for solving the SEI but also for understanding energy conservation in the atmosphere. © 2021. The Authors.
英文关键词	first law of thermodynamics; kinetic energy balance; non-hydrostatic balance; surface energy balance; thermal energy balance; total energy conservation
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/185140
作者单位	NorthWest Research Associates, Boulder, CO, United States; USDA/Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO, United States; CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory/Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sun J.,Massman W.J.,Banta R.M.,et al. Revisiting the Surface Energy Imbalance[J],2021,126(11).
APA	Sun J.,Massman W.J.,Banta R.M.,&Burns S.P..(2021).Revisiting the Surface Energy Imbalance.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,126(11).
MLA	Sun J.,et al."Revisiting the Surface Energy Imbalance".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126.11(2021).