气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2009451118
	The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish
	Monk C.T.; Bekkevold D.; Klefoth T.; Pagel T.; Palmer M.; Arlinghaus R.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00278424
卷号	118 期号:9
英文摘要	Harvest of fish and wildlife, both commercial and recreational, is a selective force that can induce evolutionary changes to life history and behavior. Naturally selective forces may create countering selection pressures. Assessing natural fitness represents a considerable challenge in broadcast spawners. Thus, our understanding about the relative strength of natural and fisheries selection is slim. In the field, we compared the strength and shape of harvest selection to natural selection on body size over four years and behavior over one year in a natural population of a freshwater top predator, the northern pike (Esox lucius). Natural selection was approximated by relative reproductive success via parent-offspring genetic assignments over four years. Harvest selection was measured by comparing individuals susceptible to recreational angling with individuals never captured by this gear type. Individual behavior was measured by high-resolution acoustic telemetry. Harvest and natural size selection operated with equal strength but opposing directions, and harvest size selection was consistently negative in all study years. Harvest selection also had a substantial behavioral component independent of body length, while natural behavioral selection was not documented, suggesting the potential for directional harvest selection favoring inactive, timid fish. Simulations of the outcomes of different fishing regulations showed that traditional minimum size-based harvest limits are unlikely to counteract harvest selection without being completely restrictive. Our study suggests harvest selection may be inevitable and recreational fisheries may thus favor small, inactive, shy, and difficult-to-capture fish. Increasing fractions of shy fish in angling-exploited stocks would have consequences for stock assessment and all fisheries operating with hook and line. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Boldness; Harvest selection; Reproductive fitness; Telemetry; Timidity
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/180481
作者单位	Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, 12587, Germany; DTU Aqua, National Institute for Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark; Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Nature and Engineering, City University of Applied Sciences, Bremen, 28199, Germany; Department of Marine Ecology, Institut Mediterràni d'Estudis Avançats, Spanish National Research Council, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Esporles, 07190, Spain; Faculty of Life Sciences, Integrative Research Institute on Transformations of Human-Environment Systems, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, 10115, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Monk C.T.,Bekkevold D.,Klefoth T.,et al. The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish[J],2021,118(9).
APA	Monk C.T.,Bekkevold D.,Klefoth T.,Pagel T.,Palmer M.,&Arlinghaus R..(2021).The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(9).
MLA	Monk C.T.,et al."The battle between harvest and natural selection creates small and shy fish".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.9(2021).