气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2021726118
	Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance
	Kaplan R.M.; Milstein A.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00278424
卷号	118 期号:10
英文摘要	Although a safe and effective vaccine holds the greatest promise for resolving the COVID-19 pandemic, hesitancy to accept vaccines remains common. To explore vaccine acceptance decisions, we conducted a national survey of 1,000 people from all US states in August of 2020 and a replication in December of 2020. Using a 3 × 3 × 3 factorial experimental design, we estimated the impact of three factors: probability of 1) protection against COVID-19, 2) minor side effects, and 3) a serious adverse reactions. The outcome was respondents’ reported likelihood of receiving a vaccine for the coronavirus. Probability of vaccine efficacy (50%, 70%, or 90%) had the largest effect among the three factors. The probability of minor side effects (50%, 75%, 90%) including fever and sore arm, did not significantly influence likelihood of receiving the vaccine. The chances of a serious adverse reaction, such as temporary or permanent paralysis, had a small but significant effect. A serious adverse reaction rate of 1/100,000 was more likely to discourage vaccine use in comparison to rates of 1/million or 1/100 million. All interactions between the factors were nonsignificant. A replication following the announcement that vaccines were 95% effective showed small, but significant increases in the likelihood of taking a vaccine. The main effects and interactions in the model remained unchanged. Expected benefit was more influential in respondents’ decision making than expected side effects. The absence of interaction effects suggests that respondents consider the side effects and benefits independently. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Conjoint analysis; COVID-19; Decision analysis; Vaccine acceptance
语种	英语
scopus关键词	SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; adult; adverse event; aged; Article; attitude to health; drug efficacy; drug safety; drug use; experimental design; factorial design; female; health survey; human; infection prevention; male; medical decision making; middle aged; paralysis; priority journal; probability; protection; public opinion; replication study; risk benefit analysis; side effect; United States; vaccination acceptance; vaccine hesitancy; adolescent; adverse event; controlled study; patient attitude; pharmacology; politics; prevention and control; randomization; randomized controlled trial; young adult; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Politics; Random Allocation; United States; Young Adult
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/180432
作者单位	Clinical Excellence Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kaplan R.M.,Milstein A.. Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance[J],2021,118(10).
APA	Kaplan R.M.,&Milstein A..(2021).Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(10).
MLA	Kaplan R.M.,et al."Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine’s effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.10(2021).