气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A bird-like genome from a frog: Mechanisms of genome size reduction in the ornate burrowing frog, Platyplectrum ornatum

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2011649118
	A bird-like genome from a frog: Mechanisms of genome size reduction in the ornate burrowing frog, Platyplectrum ornatum
	Lamichhaney S.; Catullo R.; Keogh J.S.; Clulow S.; Edwards S.V.; Ezaz T.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00278424
卷号	118 期号:11
英文摘要	The diversity of genome sizes across the tree of life is of key interest in evolutionary biology. Various correlates of variation in genome size, such as accumulation of transposable elements (TEs) or rate of DNA gain and loss, are well known, but the underlying molecular mechanisms driving or constraining genome size are poorly understood. Here, we study one of the smallest genomes among frogs characterized thus far, that of the ornate burrowing frog (Platyplectrum ornatum) from Australia, and compare it to other published frog and vertebrate genomes to examine the forces driving reduction in genome size. At ∼1.06 gigabases (Gb), the P. ornatum genome is like that of birds, revealing four major mechanisms underlying TE dynamics: reduced abundance of all major classes of TEs; increased net deletion bias in TEs; drastic reduction in intron lengths; and expansion via gene duplication of the repertoire of TE-suppressing Piwi genes, accompanied by increased expression of Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA)-based TEsilencing pathway genes in germline cells. Transcriptomes from multiple tissues in both sexes corroborate these results and provide insight into sex-differentiation pathways in Platyplectrum. Genome skimming of two closely related frog species (Lechriodus fletcheri and Limnodynastes fletcheri) confirms a reduction in TEs as a major driver of genome reduction in Platyplectrum and supports a macroevolutionary scenario of small genome size in frogs driven by convergence in life history, especially rapid tadpole development and tadpole diet. The P. ornatum genome offers a model for future comparative studies on mechanisms of genome size reduction in amphibians and vertebrates generally. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Anura; Frog; Intron; Piwi genes; Transposable elements
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/180242
作者单位	Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia; Australian National Insect Collection and Future Science Platform Environomics, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; Institute for Applied Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lamichhaney S.,Catullo R.,Keogh J.S.,et al. A bird-like genome from a frog: Mechanisms of genome size reduction in the ornate burrowing frog, Platyplectrum ornatum[J],2021,118(11).
APA	Lamichhaney S.,Catullo R.,Keogh J.S.,Clulow S.,Edwards S.V.,&Ezaz T..(2021).A bird-like genome from a frog: Mechanisms of genome size reduction in the ornate burrowing frog, Platyplectrum ornatum.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(11).
MLA	Lamichhaney S.,et al."A bird-like genome from a frog: Mechanisms of genome size reduction in the ornate burrowing frog, Platyplectrum ornatum".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.11(2021).