气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/PNAS.2023540118
	Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases
	Keesing F.; Ostfeld R.S.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00278424
卷号	118 期号:17
英文摘要	Zoonotic diseases are infectious diseases of humans caused by pathogens that are shared between humans and other vertebrate animals. Previously, pristine natural areas with high biodiversity were seen as likely sources of new zoonotic pathogens, suggesting that biodiversity could have negative impacts on human health. At the same time, biodiversity has been recognized as potentially benefiting human health by reducing the transmission of some pathogens that have already established themselves in human populations. These apparently opposing effects of biodiversity in human health may now be reconcilable. Recent research demonstrates that some taxa are much more likely to be zoonotic hosts than others are, and that these animals often proliferate in human-dominated landscapes, increasing the likelihood of spillover. In less-disturbed areas, however, these zoonotic reservoir hosts are less abundant and nonreservoirs predominate. Thus, biodiversity loss appears to increase the risk of human exposure to both new and established zoonotic pathogens. This new synthesis of the effects of biodiversity on zoonotic diseases presents an opportunity to articulate the next generation of research questions that can inform management and policy. Future studies should focus on collecting and analyzing data on the diversity, abundance, and capacity to transmit of the taxa that actually share zoonotic pathogens with us. To predict and prevent future epidemics, researchers should also focus on how these metrics change in response to human impacts on the environment, and how human behaviors can mitigate these effects. Restoration of biodiversity is an important frontier in the management of zoonotic disease risk. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Biodiversity; Disease; Disease ecology; Zoonoses; Zoonotic disease
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/180034
作者单位	Program in Biology, Bard College, Annandale, NY 12504, United States; Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Keesing F.,Ostfeld R.S.. Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases[J],2021,118(17).
APA	Keesing F.,&Ostfeld R.S..(2021).Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(17).
MLA	Keesing F.,et al."Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.17(2021).