气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Depth structure of ningaloo niño/niña events and associated drivers

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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1020.1
	Depth structure of ningaloo niño/niña events and associated drivers
	Ryan S.; Ummenhofer C.C.; Gawarkiewicz G.; Wagner P.; Scheinert M.; Biastoch A.; Böning C.W.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	08948755
起始页码	1767
结束页码	1788
卷号	34 期号:5
英文摘要	Marine heatwaves along the coast of Western Australia, referred to as Ningaloo Niño, have had dramatic impacts on the ecosystem in the recent decade. A number of local and remote forcing mechanisms have been put forward; however, little is known about the depth structure of such temperature extremes. Utilizing an eddy-active global ocean general circulation model, Ningaloo Niño and the corresponding cold Ningaloo Niña events are investigated between 1958 and 2016, with a focus on their depth structure. The relative roles of buoyancy and wind forcing are inferred from sensitivity experiments. Composites reveal a strong symmetry between cold and warm events in their vertical structure and associated large-scale spatial patterns. Temperature anomalies are largest at the surface, where buoyancy forcing is dominant, and extend down to 300-m depth (or deeper), with wind forcing being the main driver. Large-scale subsurface anomalies arise from a vertical modulation of the thermocline, extending from the western Pacific into the tropical eastern Indian Ocean. The strongest Ningaloo Niños in 2000 and 2011 are unprecedented compound events, where long-lasting high temperatures are accompanied by extreme freshening, which emerges in association with La Niñas, that is more common and persistent during the negative phase of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation. It is shown that Ningaloo Niños during La Niña phases have a distinctively deeper reach and are associated with a strengthening of the Leeuwin Current, while events during El Niño are limited to the surface layer temperatures, likely driven by local atmosphere-ocean feedbacks, without a clear imprint on salinity and velocity. © 2021 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).
英文关键词	Australia; Extreme events; General circulation models; Indian Ocean; Ocean; Ocean models
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Buoyancy; Composite structures; Lanthanum; Buoyancy forcing; Inter-decadal pacific oscillations; Surface layer temperature; Temperature anomaly; Temperature extremes; Vertical modulation; Vertical structures; Western Australia; Atmospheric temperature; air-sea interaction; atmospheric general circulation model; buoyancy; decadal variation; El Nino; extreme event; heat wave; La Nina; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; temperature anomaly; wind forcing; Australia; Indian Ocean; Western Australia
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/178712
作者单位	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States; ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ryan S.,Ummenhofer C.C.,Gawarkiewicz G.,et al. Depth structure of ningaloo niño/niña events and associated drivers[J],2021,34(5).
APA	Ryan S..,Ummenhofer C.C..,Gawarkiewicz G..,Wagner P..,Scheinert M..,...&Böning C.W..(2021).Depth structure of ningaloo niño/niña events and associated drivers.Journal of Climate,34(5).
MLA	Ryan S.,et al."Depth structure of ningaloo niño/niña events and associated drivers".Journal of Climate 34.5(2021).