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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0331.1
	Sea surface salinity change since 1950: Internal variability versus anthropogenic forcing
	Sun Q.; Du Y.; Xie S.-P.; Zhang Y.; Wang M.; Kosaka A.Y.U.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	08948755
起始页码	1305
结束页码	1319
卷号	34 期号:4
英文摘要	Using an eastern tropical Pacific pacemaker experiment called the Pacific Ocean–Global Atmosphere (POGA) run, this study investigated the internal variability in sea surface salinity (SSS) and its impacts on the assessment of long-term trends. By constraining the eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperature variability with observations, the POGA experiment successfully simulated the observed variability of SSS. The long-term trend in POGA SSS shows a general pattern of salty regions becoming saltier (e.g., the northern Atlantic) and fresh regions becoming fresher, which agrees with previous studies. The 1950–2012 long-term trend in SSS is modulated by the internal variability associated with the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO). Due to this variability, there are some regional discrepancies in the SSS 1950–2012 long-term change between POGA and the free-running simulation forced with historical radiative forcing, especially for the western tropical Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean. Our analysis shows that the tropical Pacific cooling and intensified Walker circulation caused the SSS to increase in the western tropical Pacific and decrease in the southeastern Indian Ocean during the 20-yr period of 1993–2012. This decadal variability has led to large uncertainties in the estimation of radiative-forced trends on a regional scale. For the 63-yr period of 1950–2012, the IPO caused an offset of;40% in the radiative-forced SSS trend in the western tropical Pacific and;170% enhancement in the trend in the southeastern Indian Ocean. Understanding and quantifying the contribution of internal variability to SSS trends helps improve the skill for estimates and prediction of salinity/water cycle changes. Ó 2021 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy
英文关键词	Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Climate change; Decadal variability; Salinity; Trends; Tropics
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Atmospheric radiation; Oceanography; Tropics; American meteorological societies; Anthropogenic forcing; Copyright informations; Eastern tropical pacific; Inter-decadal pacific oscillations; Internal variability; Sea surface salinity; Sea surface temperature variability; Surface waters; air-sea interaction; climate change; decadal variation; human activity; radiative forcing; sea surface salinity; trend analysis; tropical environment; Walker circulation; Pacific Ocean; Pacific Ocean (Tropical)
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/178644
作者单位	State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San diego, CA, United States; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sun Q.,Du Y.,Xie S.-P.,et al. Sea surface salinity change since 1950: Internal variability versus anthropogenic forcing[J],2021,34(4).
APA	Sun Q.,Du Y.,Xie S.-P.,Zhang Y.,Wang M.,&Kosaka A.Y.U..(2021).Sea surface salinity change since 1950: Internal variability versus anthropogenic forcing.Journal of Climate,34(4).
MLA	Sun Q.,et al."Sea surface salinity change since 1950: Internal variability versus anthropogenic forcing".Journal of Climate 34.4(2021).