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DOI	10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0021.1
	Defender and expositor of the Bergen methods of synoptic analysis: Significance, history, and translation of bergeron's (1928) “three-dimensionally combining synoptic analysis”
	Schultz D.M.; Volkert H.; Antonescu B.; Davies H.C.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00030007
起始页码	E2078
结束页码	E2094
卷号	101 期号:12
英文摘要	Tor Bergeron was a key member of the Bergen School of Meteorology that developed some of the most influential contributions to synoptic analysis in the twentieth century: airmass analysis, polar-front theory, and the Norwegian cyclone model. However, the eventual success of these so-called Bergen methods of synoptic analysis was not guaranteed. Concerns and criticisms of the methods-in part from the lack of referencing to prior studies, overly simplified conceptual models, and lack of real data in papers by J. Bjerknes and Solberg-were inhibiting worldwide adoption. Bergeron's research output in the 1920s was aimed at addressing these concerns. His doctoral thesis, written in German, was published as a journal article in Geofysiske Publikasjoner in 1928. Here, an accessible and annotated English translation is provided along with a succinct overview of this seminal study. Major interlaced themes of Bergeron's study were the first comprehensive description of the Bergen methods: a vigorous defense of cyclogenesis as primarily a lower-tropospheric process as opposed to an upper-tropospheric-lower-stratospheric one; a nuanced explanation of the assertion that meteorology constituted a distinct and special scientific discipline; and, very understandably, a thorough account of Bergeron's own contributions to the Bergen School. His contributions included identifying how deformation results in frontogenesis and frontolysis, classifying the influence of aerosols on visibility, and explaining the role of the ambient conditions in the onset of drizzle as opposed to rain showers-a distinction that led the formulation of the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process. © 2020 American Meteorological Society
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Storms; Ambient conditions; Conceptual model; Deformation result; Journal articles; Research outputs; Scientific discipline; Synoptic analysis; Twentieth century; Troposphere
来源期刊	Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/178506
作者单位	Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Crisis Studies and Mitigation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany; National Institute for Research and Development in Optoelectronics, Măgurele, Romania; European Severe Storms Laboratory, Wessling, Germany; Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Schultz D.M.,Volkert H.,Antonescu B.,等. Defender and expositor of the Bergen methods of synoptic analysis: Significance, history, and translation of bergeron's (1928) “three-dimensionally combining synoptic analysis”[J],2021,101(12).
APA	Schultz D.M.,Volkert H.,Antonescu B.,&Davies H.C..(2021).Defender and expositor of the Bergen methods of synoptic analysis: Significance, history, and translation of bergeron's (1928) “three-dimensionally combining synoptic analysis”.Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,101(12).
MLA	Schultz D.M.,et al."Defender and expositor of the Bergen methods of synoptic analysis: Significance, history, and translation of bergeron's (1928) “three-dimensionally combining synoptic analysis”".Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101.12(2021).