气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Forced and unforced decadal behavior of the interhemispheric SST contrast during the instrumental period (1881–2012): Contextualizing the late 1960s

CCPortal

DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0102.1
	Forced and unforced decadal behavior of the interhemispheric SST contrast during the instrumental period (1881–2012): Contextualizing the late 1960s–early 1970s shift
	Friedman A.R.; Hegerl G.C.; Schurer A.P.; Lee S.-Y.; Kong W.; Cheng W.; Chiang J.C.H.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0894-8755
起始页码	3487
结束页码	3509
卷号	33 期号:9
英文摘要	The sea surface temperature (SST) contrast between the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and Southern Hemisphere (SH) influences the location of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and the intensity of the monsoon systems. This study examines the contributions of external forcing and unforced internal variability to the interhemispheric SST contrast in HadSST3 and ERSSTv5 observations, and 10 models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) from 1881 to 2012. Using multimodel mean fingerprints, a significant influence of anthropogenic, but not natural, forcing is detected in the interhemispheric SST contrast, with the observed response larger than that of the model mean in ERSSTv5. The forced response consists of asymmetric NH–SH SST cooling from the mid-twentieth century to around 1980, followed by opposite NH–SH SST warming. The remaining best-estimate residual or unforced component is marked by NH–SH SST maxima in the 1930s and mid-1960s, and a rapid NH–SH SST decrease around 1970. Examination of decadal shifts in the observed interhemispheric SST contrast highlights the shift around 1970 as the most prominent from 1881 to 2012. Both NH and SH SST variability contributed to the shift, which appears not to be attributable to external forcings. Most models examined fail to capture such large-magnitude shifts in their control simulations, although some models with high interhemispheric SST variability are able to produce them. Large-magnitude shifts produced by the control simulations feature disparate spatial SST patterns, some of which are consistent with changes typically associated with the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). © 2020 American Meteorological Society.
英文关键词	Surface waters; Atlantic meridional overturning circulations; Control simulation; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project; Internal variability; Intertropical convergence zone; Northern hemisphere; Sea surface temperature (SST); Southern Hemisphere; Oceanography; air-sea interaction; atmospheric forcing; CMIP; intertropical convergence zone; meridional circulation; monsoon; Northern Hemisphere; overturn; sea surface temperature; Southern Hemisphere; warming; Atlantic Ocean
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/171337
作者单位	School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Friedman A.R.,Hegerl G.C.,Schurer A.P.,等. Forced and unforced decadal behavior of the interhemispheric SST contrast during the instrumental period (1881–2012): Contextualizing the late 1960s–early 1970s shift[J],2020,33(9).
APA	Friedman A.R..,Hegerl G.C..,Schurer A.P..,Lee S.-Y..,Kong W..,...&Chiang J.C.H..(2020).Forced and unforced decadal behavior of the interhemispheric SST contrast during the instrumental period (1881–2012): Contextualizing the late 1960s–early 1970s shift.Journal of Climate,33(9).
MLA	Friedman A.R.,et al."Forced and unforced decadal behavior of the interhemispheric SST contrast during the instrumental period (1881–2012): Contextualizing the late 1960s–early 1970s shift".Journal of Climate 33.9(2020).