气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Caldera Collapse Geometry Revealed by Near-Field GPS Displacements at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2020GL088867
	Caldera Collapse Geometry Revealed by Near-Field GPS Displacements at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018
	Segall P.; Anderson K.R.; Pulvirenti F.; Wang T.; Johanson I.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0094-8276
卷号	47 期号:15
英文摘要	We employ near-field GPS data to determine the subsurface geometry of a collapsing caldera during the 2018 Kīlauea eruption. Collapse occurred in 62 discrete events, with “inflationary” deformation external to the collapse, similar to previous basaltic collapses. We take advantage of GPS data from the collapsing block and independent constraints on the magma chamber geometry from inversion of deflation prior to collapse onset. This provides an unparalleled opportunity to constrain the collapse geometry. Employing an axisymmetric finite element model, the co-collapse displacements are best explained by piston-like subsidence along a high angle (∼85°) normal ring fault that may steepen to vertical with depth. Reservoir magma has compressibility of 2→15 × 10−10 Pa−1, indicating bubble volume fractions from 1% to 7% (lower if fault steepens with depth). Magma pressure increases during collapses are 1 to 3 MPa, depending on compressibility. Depressurization of a triaxial point source in a homogeneous half-space fits the data well but provides a biased representation of the source depth and process. © 2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	Compressibility; Global positioning system; Axisymmetric finite elements; Depressurizations; Discrete events; Homogeneous half space; Magma chamber; Magma pressure; Point sources; Sub-surface geometries; Geometry; basalt; caldera; collapse; compression; deflation; deformation mechanism; displacement; geometry; GPS; magma chamber; subsistence; triaxial test; volcanic eruption; Hawaii [(ISL) Hawaiian Islands]; Hawaii [United States]; Hawaiian Islands; Kilauea
语种	英语
来源期刊	Geophysical Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/169979
作者单位	Geophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; California Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, Moffet Field, CA, United States; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey, Hilo, HI, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Segall P.,Anderson K.R.,Pulvirenti F.,et al. Caldera Collapse Geometry Revealed by Near-Field GPS Displacements at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018[J],2020,47(15).
APA	Segall P.,Anderson K.R.,Pulvirenti F.,Wang T.,&Johanson I..(2020).Caldera Collapse Geometry Revealed by Near-Field GPS Displacements at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018.Geophysical Research Letters,47(15).
MLA	Segall P.,et al."Caldera Collapse Geometry Revealed by Near-Field GPS Displacements at Kīlauea Volcano in 2018".Geophysical Research Letters 47.15(2020).